1864.] CHEMISTRY OF MANURES. 97 



disappears is a matter of much doubt, but it will not probably 

 be found far beyond the position which I have assigned to it. The 

 metalliferous slates which rest on its northern flanks re-appear on 

 the Tatagouche River, and, as already remarked, the latter are 

 probably continuous with those on the Nepisiquit. Possibly the 

 granite, after passing the Pabineau, is well exposed again ; but this 

 remains to be determined. 



I have only to add that my observations were, as a rule, made 

 from a rapidly moving canoe, and must only be regarded as ap- 

 proximately accurate. Where the character of the country could 

 not be ascertained, from the occurrence of belts of intervale, or the 

 presence of alluvial matter, or boulders, the map has been left 

 devoid of color. The granitic region assigned to the serpentine 

 on the map is copied from that of the late Dr. James Robb. 



(Read before the Natural HUtory Society of New Brunswick^ \2th 

 February 1864.) 



ON THE CHEMISTRY OF MANURES. 



We extract from the Report of the Second Class of the Inter- 

 national Jury of the Great Exhibition of 1862, the following 

 paper. The Reporter, Prof A. W. Hofmann, F.R.S., tells us that 

 having invited Mr. F. 0. Ward to furnish him with a succinct 

 view of the question of manures in their relations to agricultural 

 chemistry, the following essay was the result ; which Prof. Hofmann 

 characterises with justice as " one of the ablest and most philos- 

 phically-conceived compendiums of a complex and difficult subject 

 which has ever come under his notice." He therefore adopted 

 and endorsed his coadjutor's work ; adding for incorporation with 

 it, much valuable information of a special kind furnished him by 

 Messrs. Lawes, Gilbert, Gruning, and others. With these explana- 

 tory remarks, we invite the attention of our readers to this remark- 

 able essay, premising only that we have omitted for the sake of 

 brevity cartain portions, inserting in their places an abstract of 

 them in brackets, and have also appended a few notes. — Editors. 



Early Hlstory of Manures. — Manures, in the form of 

 <jattle-dung and ordinary farm-yard composts, have been known 

 and employed from time immemorial for the fertilization of the 



Vol. I. Q No. 2. 



