1864.] DRU3I.M0ND ON CANADIAN BOTANY. 409 



Rubus triflorus. Carex aurea. 



Epilobium angustifolium. Avena striata. 



Ribes lacustre. Equisetum sylvaticum. 



Mitella nuda. E. arvense. 



Sanicula Marylandica. Polypodium vnlgare. 



Linnaea borealis. Struthiopteris Germanica. 



Lonicera ciliata. Asplenium filix-foemina. 



Aster puniceus. Lycopodium complanatam. 



Eupatorium purpureura. L. dendroideum. 



Among the larger orders, Rosaceae and Ericaceas afford, in pro- 

 portion to the species represented in Canada, the greatest number 

 of species of very extensive distribution. Coniferse and Betu- 

 laceae, among the smaller orders, have a large proportion of a wide 

 range. Among the Coniferae, in fact, only Abies Fraseri, Pinus 

 rigida, F. Banksiana, and F. mitis appear to be sparingly 

 diffused. 



II. Erie Type. 



The forests of that part of the deep peninsula of Upper Canada 

 "which borders Lake Erie, are characterised by an abundance of 

 beech (Fagus ferruginea), sugar-maple (^Acer sacchariiuim), oak 

 {Quercus rubra, Q. macrocarpa, and Q. alba), and walnut {Ju- 

 glans nigra). Clumps of white pine {Finns strobus) are sometimes 

 seen; but I have not yet observed the red pine (^Finus resinosa), so 

 common in some parts of Canada. The flats on either side of the 

 Thames, in the neighborhood of London, are remarkable for a 

 splendid growth of the buttonwood {Flatanus occidentalis), which 

 in this locality is rarely seen elsewhere. Nearer the mouth of 

 the river, where the country is very level, this tree attains an 

 enormous size. The chestnut (Castanea vesci), though not abun- 

 dant, is yet characteristic of these western forests. Neither the 

 chestnut nor buttonwood appear to extend farther north than the 

 counties of Middlesex and Halton. The tulip-tree {Liriodendron 

 tuUjnfera) rarely occuis in the central part of the district around 

 London and St. Thomas, but is a familiar tree at Chatham, and 

 is occasionally met with in the Niagara district as far west as 

 Hamilton. 



The flora of the Lake Erie district resembles very much that 

 of the western part of the State of New York; and this resem- 

 blance will become closer the more the district is explored. Mag- 

 nolia acuminata and Asimina triloba, both of which have been 

 observed at Lewiston on the Niagara river, Gillenia stipulacea, 



