418 THE CANADIAN NATURALIST. [DeC. 



to the Canadian flora. On the Gaspe cliiFs, however, the vegetation 

 partakes more of a sub-alpine character. Solidago thyrsoidea, 

 Dryas Drummondiij Vaccinium Vitls-Idoea, and Saxi/raga aizoon 

 are there, with Aspleniimi viride, a fern until lately unknown on 

 the Atlantic coast south of Greenland. The northern shore of 

 Lake Superior appears also to be sub-alpine. 



The north-western parts of Newfoundland near the Straits of 

 Belisle have been recently visited by Mr. Richardson of the Geo- 

 logical Survey of Canada, and in a small collection of plants made 

 by him occur Lychnis alpina^ Dry as integri/oUa, Euhus arcticus, 

 Solidago virga-aurea var. alpina. Diapensia Lapponica^ Salix 

 reticulata^ and S. phylicifolia^ all alpine species. Ruhus Chamoemo- 

 rus, Vacccinium iiliginosum, V. Vitis-Idoea, Empetrum, nigrum 

 and two or three other sub-alpine forms, were also obtained by him 

 in the same localities. On the nei2;hborin2; coast of Labrador 

 the alpine plants collected by the Abbe Ferland were>S'i7e?ieacaMZ2S, 

 Ruhus arcticus ^Sedmn Rliodiola, Arctostaphylos aljnna, Diapensia 

 Lapponica, Pleurogyne rotata, and Salix alpestris. Anticosti and 

 the north-western part of the island of Newfoundland appear to 

 form the southern limit of alpine vegetation upon the Atlantic 

 coast. Their complete exposure to the effects of the polar current, 

 as well as the rather high latitude occupied by them, must aid in 

 giving their shores an alpine aspect. 



In addition to the list of alpine plants, I enumerate a number of 

 species which, judging by their range in Canada, or their limits upon 

 high mountains in the United States, must be regarded as sub- 

 alpine. Vaccinum ccesjn'tosum, Loiseleuria pj'ocumbens, Castilleia 

 septentriojialis, and JPhleum cdpinum do not, according to Gray, 

 descend beyond the alpine districts on the mountains of New Eng- 

 land, but with us range into the sub-alpine districts around Lake 

 Superior, and the latter two have been likewise observed in Gasp^. 

 Woodsia alpina and Asplenium viride I also provisionally class as 

 sub-alpine, Cassiope hypnoides can hardly be even regarded 

 as sub-alpine, if Professor Bell's locality on the south side of La 

 Cloche Island in Lake Huron be correct. 



1. Alpine species. 



Thalictrum alpinum. Sedum Rhodiola. 



Ranunculus affinis. Saxifraga stellaris. 



Draba incana. S. nivalis. 



Erysimum lanceolatum. Nabalus nanus. 



Vesicaria arctica. Antennaria Carpathica. 



