318 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. vol.59. 



hands, with the fingers bent and placed the right over the left, would 

 indicate that had held something like a wand or scepter, which is 

 missing. Height, 9} inches. China or Mongolia. (Plate 63, fig. 2, 

 Cat. No. 311807, U.S.N.M.) Bequest of Miss Elizabeth S. Stevens. 



155. Drolma (Sanskrit, Tara).— Bronze, gilt and polished; Tara, 

 the name meaning "savioress," is the female energy or counterpart 

 (salcti) of the compassionate Avalokitesvara and like him she shows 

 her gracious disposition towards mankind by her right hand being 

 stretched out in the gift-bestowing gesture, while the left holds a 

 lotus stalk. An ornamental fillet with a crest in the middle adorn 

 the forehead. The other ornaments are large circular earrings, a 

 double necklace, a long string of beads fastened between the breasts, 

 richly studded armlets, bracelets, and anklets, and an elaborate 

 girdle. The headgear is painted dark-green. Behind the left arm 

 rises a lotus. Height, 6^ inches. Chamdo, Eastern Tibet. (Cat. 

 No. 130395, U.S.N.M.) 



156. Drolma {Sanskrit, Tara). — Brass. Similar to preceding No. 

 155. With a fig leaf-shaped halo. Crude workmanship. Height, 

 5f inches. Thibet. (Cat. No. 311792, U.S.N.M.) Bequest of Miss 

 Elizabeth S. Stevens. 



157. Fudo. — Wood, carved and gilt. Seated in the easy position 

 (lalita sana) on a rock, holding a sword in the right hand and a snare 

 in the left, with a flame-shaped halo in open work, in a lacquered, 

 gilt shrine. Fudo (the name meaning, ''without movement") is con- 

 sidered as the Bodhisattva of Vairochana, the celestial reflex or 

 meditation Buddha of Krakuchanda, the assumed first earthty 

 (manusJii) Buddha of the present world period. Fudo's function is 

 to combat evil in the world, and his attributes are a sword and a 

 snare to catch and bind the wicked and smite the guilty. In the 

 funeral ritual of the Shingon sect of Japanese Buddhism a Fudo 

 sword is placed in front of the celebrant in the belief that he takes 

 charge of the soul after death. Fudo is also patron of soldiers. 

 Height, Qh inches. Japan. (Plate 64, Cat. No. 311,812, U.S.N.M.) 

 Bequest of Miss Elizabeth S. Stevens. 



158. Tamdrin, or Tamdin (Sanskrit, Hayagriva). — Bronze, gilt 

 and polished, Hayagriva-Tamdrin is one of the eight dreadful gods, 

 united by the Tibetans in the group of Dragshed (''terrible slayer"). 

 They are Hindu or local Tibetan gods brought into the Buddhist 

 system as protectors of the true faith against the demons of their 

 several spheres. They are represented as beings of ferocious aspect, 

 with broad and hideous heads, protruding tongues, and huge teeth. 

 Their limbs are enormously strong, but short, and their bodies are 

 misproportioned; they are surrounded with flames or smoke, and 

 on their forehead they bear a third eye (the "eye of wisdom)." In 

 the present figure Hayagriva-Tamdrin is represented kneeling on 



