648 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. vol.59. 



as long as that of spinous. Anal spines strong, graduated, the third 

 longest, 3 in head; last soft ray 1^ in head; caudal very deeply 

 forked, slightly scaly at base, its lobes subequal, attenuate, more 

 than twice length of head, one of its upper rays ending in a very 

 long and slender thread, the other rays with short filaments. Fila- 

 ment of lower lobe shorter than upper; pectoraj narrow, unsym- 

 metrical, pointed, the rays all branched, the upper rays filamentous, 

 a little longer than head; ventrals close together, just hehind pec- 

 torals, reaching past vent, the tip slightly filamentous, as long as 

 head. 



Color uniform whitish when received, probably rosy silvery in life, 

 with no markings or shades anywhere. 



This species is a typical anthiine form, but it does not seem to fit 

 into any recognized genus. The body is more elongate than in any 

 other, the caudal lobes more attenuate, the lateral line not angulated, 



Fig. 4.— Rhyacanthias caklsmithi (young). 



and the head closely scaled,- while the vertical fins are naked. The 

 absence of true canines and the presence of a strong toothed angle at 

 the base of the mandible will serve to characterize the new genus 

 RhyacantMas (pi>a£, volcano) as also the very small number of soft 

 rays in the dorsal, much fewer than those of the nearest ally, the 

 Japanese genus Leptanthias Tanaka. 



RHYACANTHIAS, species. 



Another specimen of the same genus, I suppose to be the young of 

 this species, although at first I took it to be distinct. Its length (Cat. 

 No. 24101, U.S.N.M.) is 3§ inches. 



Head, 2\ in length; depth, 3£. Body elongate, the back moder- 

 ately elevated, the anterior profile even; head moderate, snout short, 

 rather abruptly truncate, about half the large eye, which is 3 in head. 

 Mouth moderate, the jaws equal, the upper 2\ in head, maxillary 

 extending to below middle of eye; teeth small, unequal, some of them 

 on front and on base of jaw somewhat enlarged, a moderate elevated 



