.Fisher — 71ie Effect of Diet on Endurance. 23 



often remarked, both to him and to me, by the other members of the 

 club, and it was suggested more than once that I should "nudge" 

 liim. But, as I had been desiring a "control," or a subject in wliich 

 all the conditions except mastication were the same as for the other 

 men, I decided to say nothing. The result was instructive, for E.'s 

 case stood out as exceptional in almost all respects. His reduction 

 in quantity of food (Table III), except for a spurt at the end, was 

 less than of most of the men ; his reduction in proteid (Table IV), 

 with the same exception, was the least of all ; his reduction in 

 <,uantity of flesh foods (Table V) was the least of all ; his nitrogen in 

 June (Table VI) was one of the highest ; his reduction in volume of 

 urine (Table VII) was one of the lowest two ; his improvement 

 in the fecal tests (Table VIII) was third to lowest ; his loss of 

 strength (Table X) was second greatest ; and as to endurance, he 

 was the only one who failed to show improvement. 



There was only one other man, M., who was thought, though in a 

 smaller degree, to masticate less carefully than the experiment called 

 for ; and for him we find corresponding peculiarities, though in a 

 smaller degree. Thus, his reduction in total daily food (Table III) 

 was less than of most of the men ; his reduction in proteid (Table 

 IV) was less than the average reduction ; his reduction in flesh 

 foods (Table V) was the third smallest ; his June nitrogen was the 

 highest (Table VI) ; his reduction in quantity of urine (Table VIl) 

 was one of the lowest two ; his improvement in fecal test (Table VIII) 

 was second to lowest ; his loss of strength (Table X) was the third 

 greatest (or fourth, if measured in percentage) ; and his increase in 

 endurance, though great, was (except in test 1, which is subject to 

 some doubt) less than the average. 



The shortcomings of these two men, E. and M., as to mastication 

 were not intentional, but due to carelessness and force of habit, as 

 well as, in the case of M., to the fact that he waited on table and felt 

 naturally more pressed for time. Their experience is valuable in 

 showing that, in a general way, the changes in diet and endurance 

 were proportionate to the thoroughness of mastication and the follow- 

 ing of natural appetite. 



The men kept diaries in which are recorded their sufferings after 

 the various tests. These show a decided lessening in stiffness and sore- 

 ness in the later tests, though in the June tests the men had generally 

 done double the amount of work that they had done in January. It 

 would have been a physical impossibility to do as much in January 

 as was easily accomplished in June in tests 3, 4 and 6 ; and granted 



