A. L. Bishop — The State WorJcs of Pennsylvania. 197 



Philadelpliia to Columbia* was opened for travel. In October of 

 the same year, the second track was completed and the road opened 

 for public use. 



The Eastern and Juniata divisions of the Pennsylvania canal 

 extended from Columbia to Hollidaysburg, at the base of the Alle- 

 gheny mountains, a distance of 172 miles. From the western 

 terminus of the Philadelphia and Columbia railroad, the canal 

 followed the east bank of the Susquehanna, passed through the vil- 

 lages of Maytown, Bainbridge, and Falmouth, and intersected the 

 Union canal at Middietown. After uniting with the Susquehanna 

 at this point by a series of locks, it continued along the east bank 

 of that river, through Highspiretown and Harrisburg to Duncan's 

 Island, where it was intersected by the Susquehanna and entered the 

 valley of the Juniata river. It then followed along its north or left 

 bank, and passing Millerstown, Mexico, Mifflintown, Lewistown and 

 Huntingdon, terminated at Hollidaysburg. Here it met the Portage 

 railroad across the Allegheny mountains. At the mouth of the 

 Raystown branch of the Juniata was the Raystown feeder, one 

 mile in length. ISTearly 16 miles of these divisions consisted of 

 slack water navigation. 



The Allegheny Portage railroad^ commenced at the termination 

 of the Juniata division at Hollidaysburg and, pursuing a north- 

 westerly course to Blair's Gap summit,^ descended the valley of 

 the mountain branch of the Conemaugh to Johnstown. There it 

 joined the western division of the canal. The rise from Hollidays- 

 burg to the summit was 1,398.71 feet in a distance of 10.1 miles. 



* The Susquehanna or "Tide water canal" extended, from Wrightsville, 

 opposite Columbia, to Havre de Grace in Maryland, thus affording an 

 additional outlet to the main line of the state works. It was a private 

 entei-prise. 



f The report of tlie commissioners who made the original survey for the 

 canal connecting the eastern and western water proposed a continuous water 

 route, by continuing the canals by means of numerous locks and dams as far 

 as possible on both sides of the mountain, then piercing it by a tunnel rather 

 less than four miles in length. 



J This point is almost due east from Pittsburg. The cut made to reduce 

 the summit was only about twelve feet, the natural summit being rather 

 flat and wet. As ascertained by later railroad surveys, it was 2,322 feet 

 above mean tide, or 161 feet higher than Gallitzen station on the Penn- 

 sylvania railroad. — Eoberts, Pi,eminiscences of the First Railroad over the 

 Allegheny mountains, in Pennsylvania Hist. Mag., II, p. 386. 



Trans. Conn. Acad., Vol. XIII. 15 Nov., 1907. 



