546 Appendices. 



soberbios," and perhaps the iiuiuorous inversion of I, chapter 52 : 

 "Oh humilde con los soberbios y arrogante con los huniildes" are 

 aptly compared by Clemencin with the Aeneid, VI, v. 853 : "parcere 

 subiectis et debellare superbos." But in a note, Vol. V, p. 375, 

 Clemencin objects to Cervantes's use of sujetos for the Latin 

 subiectis ("sujetos en castellano tiuu])oeo significa exactamente lo 

 mismo que en latin") ; Cervantes probably took it from the Spanish 

 Eneida, Vol. I, p. 294: "A sohervios bajar eon cruda guerra, | Y 

 jjerdonar a humildes y sujetos." Sancho's lamentation over his 

 ass : "miserables de nosotros ! que no ha querido nuestra corta 

 suerte que muriesemos en nuestra patria y entre los nuestros, etc.," 



II, chapter 55, was perhaps suggested by the Eneida, Vol. I, p. 8 : 

 "O tres y quatro veces fortunados | Los que tan gran merced del 

 Cielo uvieron, | Que a vista de sus padres degollados, | Junto 

 al Troyano muro perecieron." Clemencin quotes the original, I, 

 vs. 94 if. With regard to the phrase : "aqui fue Troya," Don 

 Quixote, II, chapter 66, and El Rufian Viudo, rather common 

 in Spanish literature, it is possible that it owes its origin to 

 the translation of II, v. 325 of the Aeneid, "fuimus Troes, fuit 

 Ilium, etc."; cf. Eneida, Vol. I, p. 70: "Troyanos fuimos. ] Ya 

 Troya fue, etc.," and p. 99 : "A la hora la ribera y puerto dejo | 

 Y canipos donde Troya fue, etc.," which is the ''litora cum 

 patriae lacrimans portusque relinquo | et campos ubi Troia fuit," 



III, vs. 10-11. In the Cancion de Grisostomo, Don Quixote, I, 

 chapter 14, ''el agorero | Graznar de la corneja, etc." has its 

 indirect source in Virgil, Eclogues, IX, 15 : "ante sinistra cava 

 monuisset ab ilice cornix" (falsely introduced by some into Eclogue 

 I also, after verse 17), and Georgics, I, v. 388: "tum cornix plena 

 pluviam vocat improba voce, etc."; Garcilaso (Egloga I) has: 

 "Bien claro con su voz me lo decia | La siniestra corneja, pre- 

 diciendo | La desventura mia, etc."; and Luis de Leon, Ohras, 

 op. cit., p. 18, col. 1, translates thus : "lo decia | La siniestra corneja 

 desde luego," and p. 26, col. 2, "y si ya la corneja con su 

 canto ... no me inclinara, etc." While Cervantes knew 

 Garcilaso well, he could have known Luis de Leon only in manu- 

 script. The verse "que a osados favorece la Fortuna," Eneida, 

 Vol. II, p. 115, and Aeneid X, y. 284: "audentis Fortuna iuvat" 

 seems to have been taken directly from Gregorio Hernandez into 

 Don Quixote; cf. the first poem Avith unfinished verse-ends, line 

 19, "que a osa [dos] | Favorece la fortu [na]." It represents 



