634 THE BIRDS OF YORKSHIRE. 



in places where hitherto its querulous call note was almost 

 unknown, and at the present time colonies of these interesting 

 birds — the majority small ones, it is true — are to be found 

 in the breeding season, from Thorne Waste to the fells of 

 Upper Teesdale, in variously situated tracts of marsh and 

 moorland. In the West Riding it nests at Thorne Waste, 

 near Ackworth, Doncaster, Sheffield, Barnsley, Wakefield, 

 Wilstrop, Appletrewick, Harrogate, Ripon, Ilkley, Fewstor, 

 and Swinsty, Malham Tarn, Winterburn, and in 1901 a pair 

 bred in the Forest of Rowland. In the East Riding, Riccall and 

 Skipwith Commons, the neighbourhood of Beverley, Scampston 

 and South Holderness, provide suitable breeding localities ; 

 while in the North Riding the elevated districts of Sedbergh 

 and Upper Teesdale have their colonies of these birds ; and 

 Malton, Pilmoor near Thirsk, Masham, Locker Tarn, North- 

 allerton, Scarborough, and the Teesmouth marshes are other 

 haunts. 



The Redshank can only be considered as a coast resident, 

 for inland it is reported as appearing about the middle of 

 March, leaving again m September after the young are well 

 on the wing. At the Teesmouth the breeding birds are 

 certainly summer visitors only, the first arrivals being 

 announced with unfailing regularity during the latter half 

 of February. Pairing takes place about the middle of March, 

 and nidification commences early in April ; the first lull 

 sets of eggs are usually found in the middle of the month, 

 and the majority in the first week of May ; in 1903 a full 

 clutch was discovered on the loth of April, the last being 

 noted on the 28th of June. One pair of Teesmouth birds, at 

 least, produce clutches of five eggs, which are invariably of 

 the same type, and have been found annually for several 

 years in succession. Nests are occasionally found in quite 

 open positions, like Peewits'. 



As a rule one brood only is reared m a season, but, 

 owing to disturbance by cattle, and harrying by predatory 

 Rooks and Crows, a second set of eggs is very frequently laid. 

 By the end of July the birds, old and young, are gathered 

 together in flocks, and towards the end of August have left 



