34 NORTH AMERICAN, BIRDS. 



grayish brown, the feathers bordered 

 with pale grayish buff; rump and 

 upper tail-coverts pale grayish buff 

 or dull buffy white, marked more or 

 less distinctly with irregular grayish 

 brown spots ; basal half of tail gray- 

 ish white, or pale grayish, trans- 

 versely mottled with darker, the 

 terminal portion dusky grayish 

 brown, forming a well-defined broad 

 band, the extreme tip whitish ; head, 

 neck, and lower parts nearly uniform 

 light brownish gray. Older: Similar, 

 but light borders to feathers of back, 

 etc., purer white ; basal half of tail 

 uniform grayish white ; lower parts 

 white, the breast and sides spotted 

 with light grayish brown ; upper 

 parts more or less tinged with the 

 pearl -gray of the adult plumage. 

 Length 16.50-18.00, wing 13.20-14.50 

 (13.93), culmen 1.25-1.70 (1.45), depth 

 of bill through angle .40-.50 (.45), 

 tarsus 1.70-2.10 (1.94), middle toe 

 ' 1.30-1.55 (1.44). Eggs 2.29 X 1-61. 

 Hab. Northwestern North America, 

 breeding far north ; south, in winter, 

 along Pacific coast to southern Cali- 

 fornia 55. L. brachyrhynchus 



EicH. Short-billed Gull. 

 h"^. Under wing-coverts entirely uniform brownish gray, like outer surface of 

 wings; under parts, rump, etc., brownish gray, and tail black, at all 

 seasons and ages. 



Summer adult : Head and upper neck white ; tail black, tipped with 

 white ; quills black ; upper parts, uniform plumbeous-slate, the 

 secondaries broadly tipped with white ; lower parts uniform deep 

 ash-gray ; bill bright red in life. Winter adult : Similar, but head 

 dusky (darker than body). Young: Sooty grayish brown, the 

 feathers of the upper parts bordered with grayish white or pale 

 buff. Immature (second year ?) : Entire plumage uniform sooty 

 grayish brown, the tail and quills dusky. Length 17.50-21.00, 

 wing 13.50, culmen 1.50. Hab. Pacific coast of North America, 

 from British Columbia to Panama. 



57. L. heermanni Cass. Heermann's Gull. 

 a'. Head uniform black or dusky in summer. (Lower neck, entire under parts, 



