URINATOR. 7 



Genus URINATOR Cuvier. (Page 6, pi. II., fig. 1.) 

 Species. 

 Common Characters.— Above blackish or slaty, beneath white. In summer, 

 upper parts spotted or speckled with white, the throat and fore-neck blackish or 

 chestnut. In ivinter, and in young, upper parts without white markings, and throat 

 and fore-neck white like rest of lower parts. Downy young uniform sooty grayish, 

 the belly white. JVest built on ground at edge of marsh or lake. Eggs 2, elongate- 

 ovate, deep brown or olive, rather sparsely speckled or spotted with dark brown 

 and blackish. 



a\ Tarsus shorter than middle toe without claw ; fore-neck blackish in summer. 

 b\ Distance from base of culmen to anterior point of loral feathers, above 

 nostrils, greater than the distance from the latter point to anterior bor- 

 der of nostrils. Summer plumage with head and neck black all round, 

 the middle of the fore-neck and sides of lower neck each crossed by a 

 bar or transverse series of white streaks. 

 c\ Tarsus shorter than exposed culmen; bill in adult blackish (almost 

 wholly deep black in summer) ; head and neck glossed with velvety 

 green ; white spots on scapulars broad as long ; length 28.00-36.00 ; 

 wing 13.00-15.25 (14.06); culmen 2.75-3.50 (3.07); depth of bill 

 thro'ugh base .90-1.05 (.96). Eggs 3.52 X 2.27. Hab. Northern 

 part of northern hemisphere, breeding from northern United States 



northward 7. U. imber (Gunn.). Loon. 



c\ Tarsus longer than exposed culmen; bill in adult whitish (almost 

 wholly yellowish white in summer) ; head and neck glossed with 

 velvety violet-blue ; white spots on scapulars decidedly longer than 

 broad; length about 35.00-38.00 ; wing 14.85-15.45 (15.11); culmen 

 3.50-3.65 (3.59) ; depth of bill through base 1.00-1.20 (1.09). Bah. 

 Western Arctic America and northeastern Asia. 



8. U. adamsii (Gray). Yellow-billed Loon. 

 h\ Distance from base of culmen to anterior point of loral feathers, not greater 

 than distance from the latter point to anterior extremity of nostril. 

 Summer plumage with upper part of head and hind part of neck gray- 

 ish ; throat and fore-neck black, without white streaks, but several lon- 

 gitudinal series of the latter down the side of the neck, between the 

 black and the gray. 

 c\ Fore-neck and under side of neck glossed with velvety purple ; occi- 

 put and hind-neck deep gray, almost plumbeous. Length 26.00- 

 29.00 ; wing 12.15-13.20 (12.55) ; culmen 2.50-2.85 (2.60) ; depth of 

 bill at base, .75-.80 (.78)! Eggs 3.09 X 1-96. Hah. Northern por- 

 tions of northern hemisphere, breeding in Arctic regions; in North 

 America, south, in winter, to extreme northern United States, east 

 of the Eocky Mountains. 



9. U. arcticus (Linn.). Black-throated Loon. 



