94 NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS. 



the head and neck speckled with dusky, the markings enlarged 

 and aggregated on pileum so as to form the prevailing color, and 

 also along upper border of auricular region, producing 'a more or 

 less distinct postocular stripe ; crop, sides, and flanks heavily- 

 spotted with dusl^y ; belly sometimes plain whitish, but usually (?) 

 speckled. Young male : Similar to adult female, but entire belly 

 and sides immaculate white. Downy young : Above grayish brown, 

 with a light grayish buff spot on each side of back and a similar 

 pair on rump; wings crossed near end by a light grayish buff bar; 

 head, neck, and lower parts dull light buff, the pileum and nape 

 grayish brown, darker on top of head, where scarcely' reaching the 

 forehead ; a dusky postocular streak, and an oblong dusky auric- 

 ular spot. Length 12.50-15.00, wing 6.25-7.40, culmen 1.40-1.60, 

 tarsus 1.25, middle toe 1.30-1.35. Eggs 1.75 X 1-28, pale dull buff. 

 Hah. Whole of North America, breeding chiefly north of the United 

 States, in winter, south to Honduras and Cuba. 



139. A. carolinensis Gmel. Green-winged Teal, 

 c". Adult male : Similar to corresponding stage of A. carolinensis, but no 

 white bar on side of breast, black and whitish undulations of sides, 

 etc., much coarser, inner webs of outermost scapulars wholly and 

 outer webs partly white, the exposed portion of outer webs mostly 

 black ; other plumages not distinguishable with certainty from cor- 

 responding stages of A. carolinensis (?) ; size about the same as A. 

 carolinensis. Eggs 1.76 X 1-30, pale dull buff. Hah. Northern por- 

 tions of eastern hemisphere ; occasional in eastern North America. 



138. A. crecca Linn. European Teal. 

 a^ Culmen shorter than middle toe, without claw. 



b^. Distance from anterior border of nostril to tip of upper mandible more 

 than three times the distance from same point to nearest loral feathers; 

 lamellae numerous, fine, more than 30 being visible from outside ; tail- 

 feathers 16. (Subgenus Chaulelasmus Bonaparte.) 



Adult male: Head and neck pale brownish or whitish, thickly speckled 

 with black ; top of head sometimes plain light brown ; crop varied 

 with crescentic bars of white and black, the latter predominating; 

 sides, back, and scapulars finely undulated with slate-color and 

 white; many of the longer scapulai's plain brownish gray, broadly 

 edged with paler ; middle wing-covert region bright chestnut, the 

 anterior lesser coverts broAvnish gray, and the postei'ior ones deep 

 black, the last row deep velvety black; speculum white, the lower 

 feathers ashy, narrowly tipped with white ; crissum and upper tail- 

 coverts deep velvety black ; bill bluish black, iris brown, legs and 

 feet dull orange-yellow, the M^ebs dusky. Adxdt male in breeding 

 season : Similar to the winter male, but colors duller, crown dusky, 

 rump and breast tinged with rusty, and under parts more spotted 

 with dusky. Adult female : Colors chiefly brownish dusky and 



