LAGOPVS. 199 



quills, secondaries, and outermost wing-coverts white ; lower 

 parts varying from ochraceous to buffy whitish, coarsely and 

 irregularly barred with black. Young : Above coai'sely and 

 irregularly varied with black and ochraceous-buff, the latter 

 mostly on or near margins of feathers ; chest, breast, and sides 

 ochraceous-buff, coarsely barred with black ; other lower parts 

 dull white. Downy young : General color olive-buff, tinged with 

 sulphur-yellow on lower parts, and with rusty on chest and 

 upper parts ; crown chestnut, bordei*ed all round by a black 

 line, which is continued from occiput down hind-neck in a 

 broad stripe ; two more or less distinct blackish stripes on 

 rump, and other upper parts irregularly varied, more or less, 

 with black ; a black streak on side of head (most distinct and 

 continuous behind eye). Eggs 1.74 X 1-22, ground-color varying 

 from pale buffy to deep brown, more or less speckled, sprinkled, 

 spotted, or marbled with rich brown or black. Hob. l^orthern 

 portions of northern hemisphere; south, in winter, in America, 

 to Sitka, northern New York, etc. 



301. L, lagopus (Linn.). Willow Ptarmigan, 

 c'. Shafts of secondaries black, and quills (sometimes a few of the wing- 

 coverts also) more or less blotched or mottled with dusky. (Sum- 

 mer plumages and young unknown.) Hah. Newfoundland. 



301a. L#. lagopus alleni Stejn. Allen's Ptarmigan. 

 h^. Bill small and slender (depth at base less than .40) ; length 13.00-14.75, 

 wing about 7.00-7.50, bill from nostril about .35, depth at base about 

 .27-.35 ; winter plumage with lores deep black in male (sometimes in 

 female also). 

 c\ Summer males with upper parts coarsely vermiculated, the back and 

 scapulars with large black blotches (occupying central portions of 

 feathers). 

 fZ'. Ground-color of upper parts in summer males grayish brown. 



e^. Summer male : Above graj^^ish brown coarsely vermiculated 

 with black, the vermiculations having a general tendency 

 to form irregular zigzag bars ; scapulars and interscapulars 

 largely black centrally, producing large blotches or irregu- 

 ' lar spots ; outermost wing-coverts, quills, and secondaries 



(except tertials) white ; top of head blackish, the feathers 

 tipped with light brownish ; lores black ; rest of head 

 mixed dusky and white, the latter predominating on 

 cheeks, chin, and throat ; chest and upper breast regularly 

 barred with blackish and light umber-brown ; sides simi- 

 larly marked, but bars finer and more confused ; rest of 

 lower parts white, the lower tail-coverts with concealed 

 portion dusky, or sooty slate. Summer female : Bright 

 ochraceous, irregularly sjDOtted and barred above with 



