284 NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS. 



d\ Back barred with black and white; wings black, spotted and 

 barred with white ; middle line of breast unspotted. 

 e^. Forehead smoky brownish, like nasal tufts (the ground-color 

 sometimes nearly hidden, however, by whitish spotting) ; 

 crown often speckled, but not streaked, with white ; lateral 

 tail-feathers with inner web (sometimes outer web also) 

 barred for entire length, or at least for all of exposed por- 

 tion ; gi'ound-color of lower parts usually smoky white, or 

 pale smoky brownish. Adult male with whole crown red, 

 or spotted with red (unless the red tips to feathers happen 

 to be worn off), the red immediately preceded by a white 

 speck or spot. 

 /^ Outer tail-feathers barred regularly with black, on both 

 webs, for whole length. 

 g^. Smaller (length about 6.00-6.75, wing less than 

 3.90). 

 h\ Wing 3.80-3.85 (3.82), tail 2.30-2.40 (2.33), ex- 

 posed culmen .70-79 (.74) ; black stripes on 

 side of head narrower, the malar stripe usu- 

 ally whitish anteriorly ; black bars on back 

 usually appreciably narrower than the white 

 ones ; scarlet on head of male lighter. Ilab. 

 Southeastern Mexico (Vera Cruz, Puebla, 

 etc.). 



D. scalaris (Wagl.). Ladder-backed 

 Woodpecker.^ 

 h\ Wing 3.30-3.55 (3.44), tail 2.10-2.20 (2.14), ex- 

 posed culmen .60-75 (.69) ; black stripes on 

 sides of head broader, the malar stripe usu- 

 ally dusky or blackish anteriorly ; black bars 

 on back usually a little broader than the 

 white ones ; scarlet on head of male darker. 

 Sab. Yucatan. 



D. scalaris parvus (Cabot). Cabot's Ladder- 

 backed Woodpecker.* 

 g\ Larger (length 7.00-7.75, wing 3.90-4.25). 



Wing 3.90-4.25 (4.06), tail 2.45-2.75 (2.59), ex- 

 posed culmen .83-.93 (.87); in coloration 

 not constantly different from true scalaris, 

 except that the black stripes on sides of 

 head are usually broader, the lower one 

 usually more extended toward sides of 

 breast. Eggs .80 X -62. Hab. Table-lands 



' Picus scalaris Wagl., Isis, 1829, 511. 



* Picus parvus Cabot, Bost. Jour. N. II. v. 1849, 90. 



