CARPODACUS. 389 



sides of head, throat (but not chin), and rest of lower parts, except lower tail- 

 coverts, uniform pale ash-gra}', lighter on cheeks ; lower tail-coverts and under 

 wing-coverts white. Adult female : Similar to male, but low^er parts and sides of 

 head vinaceous-gray, or cinnamon-gray, instead of clear ash-gray. Length about 

 6.50, wing 3.50-3.55, tail 3.00-3.25. Hab. Northern Alaska (Nulato) and portions 

 of Siberia 516. P. cassini (Baird). C as sin's Bullfinch. 



Genus CARPODACUS Kaup. (Page 383, pi. CVI., figs. 2, 3.) 



Species. 



Common Characters. — Adult males with the plumage partly or chiefly red- 

 dish ; adult females olivaceous or grayish above, streaked with darker, beneath 

 whitish, conspicuously streaked with dusky or brownish gray. 



a}. Tail very much shorter than wing, deeply emarginated ; adidt males with wing- 

 feathers edged with reddish. Nest a rather flat, thin structure, composed of 

 fine dry rootlets, grasses, etc., on horizontal branches of trees. £^ggs 2-4, 

 greenish blue or bluish green, finely speckled, chiefly on larger end, with 

 black and dark brown. (Subgenus Carpodacus.) 

 bK Lower tail-coverts without distinct dusky streaks; depth of bill through 

 base equal to or greater than length of gon^'S. Adult males: Above dark 

 dull madder-pink, clearer on rump, deeper and brighter on top of head, 

 the back more or less obscured by darker centres to feathers, and often 

 (especially in winter) by grayish edgings; feathers of back streaked me- 

 dially with dusky; low^er parts, except belly and lower tail-coverts, 

 dull madder-pink, the sides strongly tinged or washed with this color. 

 Adult females : Above olivaceous, mixed with grayish, and streaked with 

 darker; sides of head with two distinct brownish stripes, or patches, one 

 covering ear-coverts, the other on each side of throat, the two sepa- 

 rated by a whitish maxillary stripe ; lower parts dull white, conspicu- 

 ously streaked with dusky. Young : Similar to adult female, but colors 

 duller, markings less distinct, and edgings of w^ing-feathers more buffy 

 or tawny. 

 c^ First quill usually longer than fourth. Adult male with sides and 

 flanks usually not tinged with brown, and not distinctly streaked ; 

 if streaked, the streaks usually narrow, and sharply defined ; back 

 more distinctly streaked, red of crown brighter, and that of rump 

 paler and clearer. AdiUt female : Top of head and back distinctly 

 streaked ; streaks of lower parts broader, darker, and more sharpl}'- 

 defined. Length 5.50-6.25, wing (males) 3.15-3.40 (3.27), tail 2.30- 

 2.50 (2.40). Eggs .80 X -57. Hab. Eastern North America, breed- 

 ing from northern United States northward. 



517. C. purpureus (Gmel.). Purple Finch. 

 c*. First quill usually shorter than fourth. Adult male with sides and flanks 



