442 NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS. 



milion, back and rump deep bi-ownish red ; tail 3.85 or more (usually 

 more than 4.00). 

 c\ Adult male with black of lores distinctly connected across forehead. 



Adult male : Head, neck, and lower parts fine vermilion, the crest 

 much duller (more like color of upper parts). Adult female 

 with breast, etc., gi-ayish buffy or light tawny; upper parts 

 olive-grayish (wings and tail much as in the male) ; capis- 

 trum (i.e., differently colored patch round base of bill, including 

 upper part of throat) dull light grajnsh. Length 7.50-9.25, 

 wing (male) 3.55-4.00 (3.70), tail 3.90-4.60 (4.20), culmen .72- 

 .82 (.78), depth of bill through base .60-.67 (.62), tarsus .90-1.00 

 (.97). Eggs .99 X -73. Hah. Eastern United States, north 

 regularly to 40° (casually or irregularly nearly to northern 

 border), west to edge of Great Plains, south to Gulf coast 

 (Florida to southern Texas). 



593. C. cardinalis Linn. Cardinal. 



c^. Adult males with black of lores not connected across forehead ; bill 



stouter. 



d^. Colors paler than in C. virginianus, the female with the capis- 



trum grayish white and very indistinct. 



e'. Larger: Length (male) about 9.40-9.50, wing 4.00-4.15 (4.06), 



tail 4.60-5.10 (4.97), culmen .85-.90 (.86), depth of bill at 



base .65-.70 (.68), tarsus 1.07-1.12 (1.08). Eggs 1.00 X -75. 



Hah. Western Mexico, south to Mazatlan, north to southern 



Arizona 593a. C. cardinalis superbus Eidgw. 



Arizona Cardinal. 



e\ Smaller: Length (male) about 8.00-8.50, wing 3.60-3.80 



(3.70), tail 4.30-4.60 (4.46), culmen .75-.85 (.79), depth of 



bill at base .62-.68 (.66), tarsus .95-1.05 (1.01). Eggs 1.00 



X .72. Hah. Lower California 5936. C. cardinalis 



igneus (Baird). Saint Lucas Cardinal. 



d^. Colors darker and richer than in C. cardinalis, the female with 



the capistrum dark grayish, or grayish black, very distinct. 



e^. Larger : Wing (adult males) 3.60, or more, tail 4.20, or more. 



Wing 3.60-3.85 (3.67), tail 4.20-4.50 (4.29), culmen .82- 



.90 (.87), depth of bill at base .60-.70 (.67), tarsus .95- 



1.05 (1.02). Hah. Eastern and central Mexico (north 



to Mirador). 



C. cardinalis coccineus Eidgw. Mexican Cardinal.^ 



e'. Smaller: Wing (adult males) less than 3.60, tail less than 



4.20. 



p. Brighter colored, with smaller bill ; female with breast, 



etc., bright ochraceous-tawny, back tawny olive, the 



1 Cardinalis virginianua var. coccineus RiDGW., Am. Jour. Sci. & Arts, v. Jan. 1873, 39. 



