PARUS. 563 



e^. Wing less than .20 longer than tail — usually shorter than tail ; 

 tertials and greater wing-coverts with distinct whitish 

 edgings ; black of throat more or less broken posteriorly 

 by whitish tips to the feathers. 

 p. Wing and tail about equal in length (the latter sometimes 

 a little shorter) ; colors darker, without white termi- 

 nal margins to tail-feathers. 

 ^^ Larger, and lighter colored ; back olive-grayish, some- 

 times tinged with pale buffy; sides light buffy 

 (nearly white in summer) ; length 4.70-5.75, wing 

 2.55-2.75 (2.63), tail 2.50-2.70 (2.63), tarsus .65- 

 .70 (.69). Eggs .60 X -47. Hab. Eastern North 

 America, chiefly north of 40°, west to edge of 

 Great Plains. 



735. P. atricapillus Linn. Chickadee. 

 g"^. Smaller and darker colored ; back dark grayish ; sides 

 and flanks deep fulvous, or light buffy brownish, 

 in marked contrast with white of breast and 

 belly ; length 4.50-5.25, wing 2.35-2.60 (2.45), tail 

 2.30-2.55 (2.44), tarsus .68-.72 (.70). Hah. North- 

 western coast district of United States (northern 

 California, Oregon, and Washington Territory ; 

 also British Columbia and southern Alaska"?). 



7356. P. atricapillus occidentalis (Baird). 



Oregon Chickadee. 

 /*. Tail decidedly longer than wing ; colors paler, the tail- 

 feathers usually with distinct white terminal margins, 

 the tertials and greater wing-coverts very broadly 

 edged with white. 



Above pure ash-gray ; sides and flanks pale buffy, 

 sometimes nearly pure white ; length about 4.75- 

 6.00, wing 2.55-2.80 (2.72), tail 2.55-3.00 (2.83), 

 tarsus .65-.75 (.70). Eggs .61 X -47. Bah. Eocky 

 Mountain district, from New Mexico to Alaska 

 (Yukon Valley, Kadiak, etc.), west to edge of 

 Great Basin, east nearly across Great Plains. 



735a. P. atricapillus septentrionalis 

 (Harris). Long-tailed Chickadee, 

 i". Top of head brownish ; chin and throat brownish or dusky. 

 c\ Back hair-brown or grayish brown. 



d}. Whole side of neck, ear-coverts, etc., pui-e white; tertials distinctly 

 edged with whitish ; sides and flanks light buffy. 



Top of head light hair-brown or soft light grayish brown ; 

 chin and throat deep brownish slate ; length about 5.20- 

 5.60, wing 2.60-2.80 (2.72), tail 2.70-2.80 (2.76), tarsus .62- 



