ABT. 11 NORTH AMERICAN TADPOLES — WRIGHT 5 



in 1st lower row; median space of second upper row 2-4 times in either lateral 

 part of it; upper edge of tail musculature rvith 8-10 black bars with intervening 

 pale olive buff areas; irregular black or broivn band on tail with cartridge buff 

 or iilleul buff on below it: tadpoles to 23 mm. 

 Eggs in files, inner tube, present, one or two rows of eggs. 

 Louisiana-Costa Rica. (PI. 5, fig. 7.) Bufo valliceps. 



g*- Papillae plainly visible. 



h^- Tadpole to 24 mm.; horny beak in upper fringe 1.75, in first or second lower 

 row 1.5; horny beak equal to or less than the 3rd lower row of teeth; median 

 space between two parts of second upper row 1.4-2.1 in either lateral part; 

 third lower row of teeth in first lower row 1.2-1.4; two or more rows of 

 strong papillae from end of upper fringe to end of third lower row, some- 

 times 3-5 rows at side of labium; lower loop of papillae far below level of 

 third row and with at least two rows of papillae; mouth in interorbital 

 space 1.0-1.5, average 1.17; mouth larger than internasal space 1.2-1.6, 

 average 1.36; depth of tail in tail length 2.4-4.5, average 3.27; eye nearer 

 snout than spiracle 1.0-1.57. average 1.2; nostril nearer eye than snout 

 1.1-1.8, average 1.48. Egg mass long file, inner tube with no partitions. 

 North Carolina— Florida— Louisiana. (PI. 1, fig. 9.) Bufo terrestris. 



K^. Tadpole to 27 mm; horny beak in upper fringe 1.2-1.5, in first or second 

 lower row of teeth 1.1-1.2 or 1.2-1.3; horny beak greater than 3rd row of 

 lov/er labial teeth; median space 1.15-2.0, 1-4, or 1.3-3.0 in either lateral 

 part; third lower row of teeth 1.3-1.5 or 1.4-1.5 in first lower row; one row of 

 weak papillae from upper fringe to end of third lower row of teeth with a few 

 scattering papillae at the side of the labium; lower loop with only two or 

 three scattering papillae beside the outer row of weak papillae; 



t'. Mouth in interorbital distance 0.77-1.0, average 0.92; horny beak in upper 

 fringe 1.2-1.4; horny beak in first or second row 1.1-1.2 times; third row in 

 first lower row 1.3-1.5; depth of tail in tail length 1.25-2.7, average 1.97; 

 spiracle nearer eye than vent 1.04—1.54, average 1.28; eye nearer snout 

 than spiracle 1.0-1.27, average 1.16; mouth larger than internasal space 

 1.4-2.2, average 1.76; papillae of lower labial loop do not extend under the 

 end of the end of the third rov,- of labial teeth; tail musculature in tail depth 

 1.26-2.66, average 2.04; internasal space 1.2-1.8 in interorbital distance, 

 average 1.6; spiracle 1.05-1.55 nearer eye than vent, average 1.28. Egg 

 mass long file, partitions, inner tube present. 

 Eastern North America from Hudson Bay southwest. (PI. 1, fig. 7.) 



Bufo americanus. 



j2. Mouth in interorbital distance 1.07-1.5; horny beak in upper fringe 1.4-1.5; 

 horny beak in first or second row 1.2-1.3; third lawer row 1.3-1.6 in first 

 lower row; depth of tail in tail length 2.88-3.83, average 3.33; spiracle nearer 

 eye than vent 1.25-1.7, average 1.45; eye nearer snout than spiracle 1.0-1.6, 

 average 1.16; mouth larger than internasal space 1.1-1.83, average 1.47; 

 papillae of lower labial loop slightly extend or do not at all extend under 

 the end of the third lower row; tail muscaulature in tail depth 1.6-2.3, 

 average 1.85, internasal space 1.5-2.16 in interorbital sjjace, average 1.86; 

 spiracle 1.25-1.7 nearer eye than vent or base of hind legs, average 1.45. 

 Egg mass long file, no inner tube, sometimes two rows of eggs. 

 (Raleigh). (PI. 1, fig. 8.) Bufo. 



(?. Anus dextral; spiracle distinctly lateral on or near body axis; 



d'. Papillary border on side with an emargination; tadpoles 50-149 mm. in 

 length; papillary fringe on upper labium extends not at all inward beyond 

 the end of the upper fringe of teeth or only i to tV of the length of the fringe; 

 length of horny beak in upper fringe of teeth 1.0-1.5 times; labial teeth 

 I or 7 or I or more (Ranidae.) 



