THE AMERICAN ROBIN. 241 



ports the species as "very common everywhere, especially on the small wooded 

 'islands.' "^ 



When disturbed in its nesting haunts the Hermit Thrush has a nasal 

 scolding cry, not unlike that of the Oregon Towhee. This note lacks the 

 emphasis of Towhee's, tho its dual character is still apparent — Miirrr\ or 

 Murre. But one forgets all tri\'ial things as he listens to the angelic requiem 

 of the Hermit at eventide. Not Orpheus in all his glory could match that, — 

 for he was a pagan. 



No. 98. 

 AMERICAN ROBIN. 



A. O. V. No. 761. Planesticus migratorius (Linn.). 

 Synonym. — E.^stern Robin. 



Description. — Adult male: Head black, interrupted by white of chin and 

 white with black stripes of throat ; eyelids and a supraloral spot white ; tail 

 blackish with white terminal spots on inner webs of outer pair of rectrices ; wings 

 dusky except on external edges : remaining upperparts grayish slate ; below, — 

 breast, sides, upper bell}- and lining of wings cinnanion-rufous ; lower bellv and 

 crissum white, touched irregularly with slate ; bill yellow with blackish tip : feet 

 blackish with yellowish soles. Adult female: Similar to male, but duller; black 

 of head veiled by brownish. Adults in zvinter: Upperparts tinged with brown, 

 the rufous feathers, especially on belly, with white skirtings. Immature: Simi- 

 lar to adult, but head about the color of back ; rufous of underparts paler or 

 more ochraceous. J'er\ young birds are black spotted, above and below. Length 

 about 10.00 ( 254) : wing 5.08 ( 129) ; tail 3.75 (05-3 "> • bi" -7^ (19.8). 



Recognition Marks. — "Robin" size; cinnamon-rufous breast: the "corriers" 

 of the tail conspicuouslv white-tipped, as distinguished from P. m. propinquus. 



Nesting. — Does not breed in ^^'ashington. Nest and eggs as in next (sub) 

 species, save that eggs 4 or 5, sometimes 6. 



General Range. — Eastern and northern North America westward nearlv to 

 the Rocky Mountains and northwestward to valley of Kowak River in Alaska; 

 breeds from the southern Alleghenies, Pennsylvania, Ohio, Iowa, etc., northward; 

 winters in Gulf States; south irregularly across the ^^^estern States during 

 migration. 



Range in Washington. — An early spring (and late fall?) migrant, both 

 sides of the Cascades, ^^'inters sparingly on Puget Sound. 



Authorities. — Turdus migratorius Brewster, B. N. O. C. VII., Oct. 1882, 

 p. 227. B. E. 



Specimens. — B. E. 



a. Auk, Vol. XV., April, 1898, p. 130. 



