GLOSSARY. 



683 



Tetrad ACTYi.R, a. Four toed. (Most 



birds are telnulactylo.) 

 TiiouAcic, a. Pertaiuiug to the thorax 



or chest. 



Thokax, n. The chest or breast. 



Thkoat, n. Ill descriptive ornithology, 

 the space between tlie rami of the 

 lower jaw, including also a small por- 

 tion of the upper part of the foreueck. 



TiiYKOiu, a. Shield shaped. 



Tibia, n. In osteology, the principal 

 bone of the leg, between the knee 

 and heel; but in descriptive orni- 

 thology, the so-called "thigh" or 

 shin. 



Tibial, a. Pertaining to the tibia. 



ToMiUM, n. The cutting edge of the 

 mandibles, that of the upper being 

 the maxilkiry tomium, that of the 

 lower the mandibular tomium. 



ToRQUATE, a. Collared. 



ToTiPALMATE, a. Having the hind toe 

 united to the anterior toes by a web 

 on one side, as in the Pelicans and 

 other Steganopodes. (Same as Ste- 

 ganopodous.) 



ToTiPALMi, n. ( Same as Steganopodes, 

 which see.) 



TRACHEOPONji;, n. The name of a nat- 

 ural group of passerine birds, charac- 

 terized by having the syrinx placed 

 at the lower end of the trachea. 



Transverse, a. Crosswise, or at right 

 angles with the longitudinal axis of 

 the body or feather. 



Transversely, a. Crosswise. 



Tridactyle, a. Three toed. 



Trinomial, a. Composed of three 

 names. In biology, a name com- 

 posed of three terms — a generic, a 

 specific, and a subspecific. 



Trivial, a. Sometimes said of a specific 

 name. 



Trochili, n. The ordinal or subordinal 

 name of a natural group of Picaria;, 

 including only the Hummingbirds. 

 By most authors, however, the group 

 is accorded only family rank, and 

 associated with the families Gypselidm 

 and Gaprimulgidm, in a so-called or- 

 der MacrocJdres, or Cypseli. 



Truncate, a. Cut squarely off. 



Tylari, n. The pads on the under sur- 

 face of the toes. 



Tympanum, n. Properly the ear drum; 

 but also the naked, inflated air sacs 

 on the neck of some species of 

 Grouse. 



Type, n. Of various signification in 

 ornithology. The type of a genus is 

 that species from wliich the generic 

 characters have been taken, or which 

 is specified as the standard; the type 

 of a species is the particular specimen 

 from which the species was originally 

 described. The type, or typical form, 

 of a group is that which answers best 

 to the diagnosis of that group. 



Typical, a. Agreeing closely with the 

 characters assigned to a group, genus, 

 or species. 



u. 



Ulna, n. The posterior bone of the 

 forearm. 



Ulnar, a. Pertaining to the ulna. 



Unarmed, a. Said of a toe wliich has 

 no claw; a tarsus, or wing, which has 

 no spur; etc. 



Unciform, ) „ i i 



Uncinate, r- ^^^^l^e'^- ' 



Under Parts, n. The entire lower 

 surface of a bird, from chin to crissum, 

 inclusive. (Same as lower parts.) 



Under Primary Coverts, n. The pri- 

 mary coverts of the under surface of 

 the wing. 



Under Tail Conerts, n. The feath- 

 ers immediately beneath the tail. 

 (Practically synonymous with cris- 

 sum.) 



Under Wing Coverts, n. The coverts 

 of the under surface of the wing. 

 Taken collectively, the term lining of 

 the icing, or wing lining is generally 

 used. 



Unguiculate, a. Clawed. 



Unguis, n. A claw. 



Uniparous, a. Producing but one egg, 

 as the Petrels and Auks. 



Upper Parts, n. The entire upper sur- 

 face, from forehead to tail, inclusive. 



Upper Tail Coverts, n. The feathers 

 overlying the base of the tail — some- 

 times produced beyond its tip and 

 simulating the true tail, as in tlie Pea- 

 cock and Paradise Trogon. 



Uropygial, a. Pertaining to the rump. 



Uropy'gium, n. The rump. 



Yane, n. The whole of a feather, ex- 

 cepting the stem. 



Varietal, a. Pertaining to, or having 

 the characteristics of, a variety. 



