674 



OLOBBABY. 



Lower Parts, n. Entire under surface 

 of bird — chin to crissuui, inclusive. 



Lower Tail Coverts, n. Tlie feath- 

 ers immediately underneath the tail. 

 (See crissum.) 



Lumbar, a. Pertaining to" the loins. 



LuNULATE, a. Narrowly crescent- 

 shaped. 



LuNULE, n. A small oi; narrow crescent. 



Lurid, a. "A color between purple, 

 yellow and gray; " livid. 



LuTEOUS, a. Yellowish; more or less 

 like buff or clay color. 



Lyrate, a. Shaped like a lyre, as the 

 tail of the male Blackcock, or that of 

 the Lyre-bird. 



M. 



Macula, n. A spot. 



Maculate, a. Spotted-. 



Mala, n. The side of lower jaw. behind 

 the horny covering of the mandible. 



Malar, a. Pertaining to the mala. 



Malar Apex, n. The extreme anterior 

 point of the malar region. 



Malar Region, n. The side of the 

 lower jaw behind the horny covering 

 of the mandible, usually feathered. 

 In most birds it is a well-defined tract, 

 •extending backward from the base of 

 the maxilla, beneath the lores, orbits 

 and auriculars, and bounded beneath 

 by the chin and throat. 



Mandible,??. The jaw; when not 

 otherwise indicated, the lower part of 

 the bill is understood. 



Mandibular, a. Pertaining to the 

 mandible. 



Mantle, TO. In certain LaridcB and 

 some other birds, the mantle is that 

 portion of the upper plumage distin- 

 guished from the other parts by a 

 peculiar and imiform color, suggest- 

 ing, by its position, a mantle thrown 

 over the body. It usually includes 

 simply the back, scapulars and wings, 

 and the term is perhaps appropriate 

 only when thus restricted. 



Masked, a. Having the anterior por- 

 tion of the head colored differently, 

 iu a conspicuous manner, from the 

 rest of the plumage. 



Maxilla, TO. The jaw; but best re- 

 stricted to the upper jaw, sometimes 

 called upper mandible. 



Maxillary, )a. Pertaining to the 



Maxillar, ) maxilla or upper bill. 



MeSIl,' } "• "^^^"^ *^^ "^'^^^^ ^'"^• 



Melanism, to. A peculiar state of col- 

 oration resulting from excess of black 

 or dark pigment. The normal colors 

 of the plumage are replaced by a more 

 or less continuous black or dusky 

 color. The opposite extreme of color 

 from albinism, and of frequent occur- 

 rence in the family Falcoiddm. 



Melanistic, ) a. Affected with melan- 



Melanotic, f ism. 



Mental, a. Pertaining to the chin or 

 mentum. 



Mental Apex, to. The extreme an- 

 terior point of the chin. 



Mentum, to. The chin or anterior part 

 of the space between the rami of the 

 lower jaw. 



Mesial, a. Along the middle line. 

 (Same as medial.) 



Meso (iu composition). Middle; me- 

 dian. 



Mesorhinal, a. Situated between the 

 nostrils. 



Metacarpal, a. Pertaining to the 

 hand or 7netacarpus. 



Metacarpus, to. The hand, exclusive 

 of the fingers; the segment of tlie 

 wing between the carpus and digits. 



Metagnathous, a. Cross billed; with 

 the points of the maxilla and mandi- 

 ble crossing on the right and left. 



Metatarsal, a. Pertaining to the 

 metatarsus. 



Metatarsus, to. That portion of the 

 leg of birds which in descriptive or- 

 nithology is called the tarsus; or that 

 portion, usually unfeathered, which 

 extends from the toes to the so-called 

 "knee"; that is, the heel. 



Middle Toe, to. The middle one of the 

 three anterior toes. It is usually four- 

 jointed, and longer than the lateral 

 toes. In numerical order it is the 

 third, the hind toe or hallux being 

 the first, and the inner toe the sec- 

 ond. In zygodactylous birds, it cor- 

 responds to the outer anterior toe, the 

 fourth toe being reversed. 



' n. The series of coverts, 

 usually iu a single 

 transverse row, situ- 

 ated between the lesser 

 and greater or second- 

 ary coverts. They 

 usually overlap one 

 another in the reverse 

 manner from the other 

 coverts, the inner or 

 upper edge being the 

 |_ one exposed. 



Middle 



Covekts, 

 Middle 

 Wing 



Coverts, 

 Median 



Coverts, 



