.330 • TOTANUS FUSCUS. 



brownish -grey ; the fore part of the back and the scapulars 

 glossy greyish-brown : as are the inner secondaries and the 

 wing-coverts, which are margined with alternate spots of 

 dark brown and white. The rest of the back is pure white ; 

 the tail and its upper coverts white, barred with greyish- 

 black, the two middle feathers tinged with brown. The 

 outer primaries are blackish-brown, paler on the inner web ; 

 the shaft of the first white ; the inner five primaries white 

 toward the end, barred with dusky ; the secondaries barred 

 with dusky and white, forming one of the best distinctive 

 characters of the species ; these quills being in Totanus fuscus 

 dusky for half their length, and then white; the inner 

 secondaries like the back. A white streak from the bill to 

 the eye ; a dusky loral band. The cheeks and fore part of 

 the neck are greyish-white, with faint grey markings ; the 

 rest of the lower parts white. 



Length to end of tail \2 inches ; extent of wings 23 ; 

 wing from flexure 6f ; tail 3; bill along the ridge 2^, 

 along the edge of lower mandible 2-^; bare part of tibia 1 ; 

 tarsus 2^; hind toe -fa, its claw -f^; second toe -fi, its 

 claw -fc; third toe l-fe, its claw -fa; fourth toe 1-J^, its 

 claw 1 2 j. 



Female in Winter. — The female differs only in being a 

 little larger. 



Length to end of tail 12^ inches ; extent of wings 24 ; 

 bill 2\ ; tarsus 2^ ; middle toe 1-^, its claw -fa. 



Male in Summer. — Although in winter this species so 

 closely resembles the next as to be with difficulty distin- 

 guishable, the case is very different in summer, when the 

 plumage of the head, neck, fore part of the back, and all the 

 lower parts assume a uniform greyish-black tint ; the scapu- 

 lars and wing-coverts brownish-black, margined with black 

 and white spots ; the quills, tail-feathers, tail-coverts, and 

 hind part of the back as in winter. The feathers of the 

 breast and abdomen are very narrowly edged with greyish- 

 white, and the lower tail-coverts barred with white. The 

 bill and feet are coloured as in winter. 



