WHOOPING SWAN. 661 



nated lamella?, not projecting beyond the margin. The lower 

 mandible has an external and an internal series of lamellae. 



The mouth is an inch and four-twelfths in width. The 

 tongue three inches and two-twelfths long, ten-twelfths in 

 breadth, fleshy, with the sides parallel ; the base with a 

 double row of conical papillae arranged in a circular manner, 

 and a soft large prominence above ; the upper surface with a 

 deep longitudinal median groove, having on each side acute, 

 flat, spreading papillae ; the edges fringed with flattened 

 tapering papillae, of which the posterior are large and serru- 

 late, the anterior small, together with an inferior series of 

 filamentary papillae. Behind the aperture of the glottis a 

 large pad of acuminate papillae. The oesophagus is thirty 

 inches long, very narrow, about half an inch in width, but 

 at the lower part of the neck dilated into a peculiar kind of 

 crop, averaging an inch in width, and in this individual 

 compactly filled with roots and blades of Zostera marina ; 

 the proventriculus an inch and a half in breadth. The 

 stomach, obliquely situated, is an extremely developed giz- 

 zard, of an elliptical form, three inches and a fourth in 

 length, five inches in breadth, the right lateral muscle two 

 inches thick, the left an inch and three-fourths ; the epithe- 

 lium thick, dense, with two smoothish, considerably concave 

 grinding surfaces. There is a large pyloric sac. The intes- 

 tine, thirteen feet long, has a width of from an inch to 

 eight-twelfths, and forms sixteen turns. The duodenum, in 

 curving along the edge of the stomach, forms three-fourths 

 of a circle. The rectum is ten inches in length, enlarges 

 from nine-twelfths to an inch and three-fourths, which is 

 the width of the cloaca. The cceca are thirteen inches and 

 a half long, for four inches about three-twelfths wide, then 

 enlarging to one inch, and toward the end diminishing to 

 four-twelfths. 



The trachea, three feet two inches in length, has at first 

 a breadth of nine-twelfths, gradually contracts to six-twelfths, 

 then enlarges to eight-twelfths, and is considerably flattened 

 until about six inches from the furcula, when it becomes 

 nearly cylindrical, seven-twelfths in diameter, enters a cavity 

 formed in the crest of the sternum, along which it passes to 



