662 CYGNUS MUSICUS. 



the length of three inches and a half, bends upon itself ver- 

 tically, returns, emerges from the cavity, bends upwards and 

 backwards, and ends on the anterior edge of the sternum. 

 In this part it is cylindrical, at first seven-twelfths and a 

 half in width, on emerging ten-twelfths. The inferior larynx, 

 composed of several united rings, is laterally much com- 

 pressed, measuring in height an inch and two-twelfths, and 

 in breadth only two-twelfths. Appended to the last or 

 semilunar ring on each side is a narrow membrane, to which 

 is attached an extremely slender half-ring. Within this 

 small membrane, and separate from it, is a large membrane 

 extending to the first bronchial ring. The bronchi, com- 

 posed of about thirty branched bony rings, curiously united 

 by processes so as to have a reticulated appearance, are very 

 large, and four inches in length; for two inches seven or 

 eight-twelfths in diameter, then enlarged to nine-twelfths, 

 and ultimately contracted to four-twelfths. The rings of 

 the trachea are osseous, firm, flattened, alternately narrowed 

 on one side, in the part within the sternal cavity much 

 broader, thinner, and anchylosing like the bronchial rings, 

 but in a less degree. The lateral or contractor muscles do 

 not accompany that part which enters the sternum, but pass 

 over to join it as it emerges, and continue to the commence- 

 ment of the large terminal compressed ring, at which place 

 come off the sterno-tracheales. The inferior larynx thus has 

 no muscles. 



The nostrils are oblong, seven-twelfths in length, direct, 

 medial, in the lower anterior part of the oblong nasal sinus. 

 The eyes are very small, their aperture measuring five- 

 twelfths. That of the ear round, four-twelfths in diameter. 

 The legs are short, very stout ; the tibia very muscular, bare 

 for an inch and four-twelfths ; the tarsus short, considerably 

 compressed, reticulated with angular scales, of which the 

 anterior are large and rounded ; the hind toe very diminu- 

 tive, and not reaching the ground; the middle toe longer 

 than the tarsus ; the outer much longer than the inner, and 

 reticulated to the third joint, the inner as far as the second 

 joint, the middle toe nearly as far ; the hind toe with four 

 scutella, the inner with twenty, the next thirty-five, and the 



