664 CYGNUS MUSICUS. 



Length to end of tail 56 inches ; extent of wings 88 ; bill 

 along the ridge, from the joint 3-^, to the eye 5-jL- ; tarsus 4 ; 

 middle toe and claw 6-^. 



An individual killed in the south of Scotland, in February 

 1841, had the oesophagus twenty-eight inches in length, 

 about half an inch in width, at the lower part of the neck 

 enlarged to an inch, then contracted ; the proventriculus an 

 inch and a half in breadth. The stomach obliquely situated, 

 transversely elliptical, three inches and two-twelfths in 

 length, five inches in breadth. The intestine eleven feet and 

 a half long ; the widest part of the duodenum one inch, gra- 

 dually contracting to eight-twelfths, and in some parts half 

 an inch. The coeca are, one eleven inches and a half, the 

 other twelve inches in length, their width for four inches 

 three-twelfths, then enlarged to ten-tAvelfths, toward the end 

 contracting to four-twelfths, and finally three-twelfths. The 

 rectum is nine inches long, at first ten-twelfths wide, gra- 

 dually enlarging to an inch and three-fourths. The intestine 

 is simply convoluted in an oblique direction, with sixteen 

 turns. The duodenum returns on itself at the distance of 

 eight inches and a half, and receives the biliary ducts at that 

 of nineteen inches. 



The trachea, having at its lower part a diameter of seven- 

 twelfths, enters the crest of the sternum to the depth of three 

 inches, returns, and terminates on the edge of the sternum, 

 in an extremely compressed inferior larynx, of which the 

 narrowest part is only two-twelfths-and-a-quarter in breadth, 

 the lower edge being one inch in height. The structure of 

 this part is the same as in the male. The bronchi are four 

 inches and a quarter in length, at first eight-twelfths in 

 height and four-twelfths in breadth, then round and five- 

 twelfths in diameter, afterwards suddenly enlarged to nine- 

 twelfths, and finally contracted ; the number of rings forty- 

 two, slender, and most of them anchylosed. 



The extreme compression of the inferior larynx, and the 

 elongated bronchi, are peculiar to this species, and by these 

 characters, together with the entrance of the trachea into the 

 crest of the sternum to the distance of from three to four 



