670 CYGNUS BEWICKIL 



extremely long and slender ; the head of moderate size, 

 oblong, compressed. The bill is slightly longer than the 

 head, straight, higher than broad at the base, gradually de- 

 pressed, of almost equal breadth throughout, very slightly 

 enlarged near the end, which is rounded. The upper man- 

 dible has the dorsal line sloping, the ridge at first broad and 

 flattened, gradually narrowed, toward the end convex, the 

 unguis broadly obovate, large, and convex, the edges soft, 

 marginate. The loAver mandible with the intercrural space 

 very long, and of moderate width, its membrane bare for two- 

 thirds, the crura convex beneath, with their lower outline 

 slightly rearcuate, the laminated margine inclinate, the unguis 

 very large, obovato-elliptical ; the gape-line slightly rearcuate. 

 The upper mandible deeply concave, with a medial tuber- 

 culate ridge, and on each side an oblique series of flattened 

 tubercles, a sub-marginal series of inconspicuous slender 

 lamellae, and a marginal series of about thirty-five oblique, 

 slender, little elevated, obtusely terminated lamellae, not pro- 

 jecting beyond the margin. The lower mandible has about 

 twenty-two external, and sixty internal lamellae. The tongue 

 is tAvo inches and seven-twelfths in length, nine-twelfths in 

 breadth, fleshy, with the sides parallel, at the base a double 

 row of conical papillae arranged in a someAvhat semi-circular 

 manner, a large soft prominence near the base, a deep medial 

 groove, having on each side acute, fiat, spreading papillae ; 

 the edges thin, fringed Avith tapering flattened papillae, of 

 which the anterior are small, the posterior large and serrulate ; 

 and beneath this series a smaller of filamentary papillae, 

 extending behind the base of the tongue. The oesophagus 

 extremely long and slender, its length tAventy-six inches, for 

 fifteen inches its Avidth eight inches, then dilated for a short 

 space to ten-twelfths, and Avithin the thorax contracting to 

 five-tAvelfths. The proventriculus two inches long, and an 

 inch and two-twelths in its greatest breadth. The gizzard 

 oblique, sub-elliptical, sub-compressed, tAvo inches and a half 

 in length, three inches and three-fourths in breadth; with 

 extremely thick muscles, very large tendons, and rugous epi- 

 thelium, having tAvo slightly concave grinding surfaces. The 

 intestine eight feet and a half in length, ten-twelfths in width 



