WOODPECKERS 



Spi. Southern Downy Woodpecker. 

 Dri/obates pubescens pubescens. 



Range. — Gulf and South Atlantic States; 

 north to South Carolina. 



This species, which is the smallest of the 

 North American Woodpecker (length 6 inches), 

 is similar in plumage to the Hairy Woodpecker, 

 hut has the ends of the white, outer tail feath 

 ers spotted with hlack. Like the last species, 

 it is represented by sub-spe- 

 cies in all parts of North 

 America, the nesting habits 

 of all the varieties being the 

 same and the eggs not dis- 

 tinguishable from one an- 

 other. They nest in holes in 

 trees, very often in orchards '''■'''^^^- flossy 

 or trees in the neighborhood of houses. They are 

 not nearly as shy as the Hairy Woodpeckers, and 

 also associate with other birds very freely. The 

 three to six eggs are laid upon the bottom of 

 the cavity, with no lining. The height of the 

 nesting season is during May or June. The 

 white glossy eggs are .7.5 x .60. 



Southern Downy 



39ia. Gairdner's Woodpecker. Driiobates. 

 piihescens gairdneri. 



Range. — Pacific coast from northern California to British Columbia. 



This sub-species is like the last, but is without spots on the wing coverts and 

 is a dingy white below, differing the same as Harris Woodpecker from the Hairy. 



394b. Batchelder's Woodpecker. Dri/obates pubescens homorus. 

 Range. — Rocky Mountain region of the United States. 

 Like the last but whiter below. 



394c. Downy Woodpecker. Dri/obates pubescens medianus. 



Range. — North America, east of the Plains and north of South Carolina. 

 Similar to the southern variety but slightly larger and whiter. 



394d. Nelson's Downy Woodpecker. Dryobates pubescens nelsoni. 

 Range. — Alaska. 

 Similar to the northern variety but still larger. 



394e. Willow Woodpecker. Dri/obates pubescens turati. 



Range. — California except the northern parts and the ranges of the south. 

 Similar to Gairdner Woodpecker, but smaller and whiter. 



39."). Red-cockaded Woodpecker. Dri/obates borealis. 



Range. — Southeastern United States, from South Carolina and Arkansas, 

 southward. 



This black and white species may be known from any other because of 

 the uniform black crown and nape, the male having a small dot of red on 

 either side of the crown, back of the eye. They are quite abundant in the 

 Gulf States and Florida, where they nest during April and May, and in some 

 localities in March. They build in hollow trees or stumps at an elevation 

 from the ground, laying from three to six glossy white eggs; sine .95 x .70. 



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