8 Contents. 



Family Larid^. Gulls and Terns 43, 288 



Subfamily Larin^. Gulls 43, 289 



Subfamily Sternin^. Terns 47, 297 



Family Anhingid^. Darters, Snake Birds .... 50, 307 



Family Phalacrocoracid^. Cormorants 51, 308 



Family Pelecanid^. Pelicans 52, 311 



Family Fregatid^. Man-of-war Birds 53, 314 



Index to Key to Family Anatid^ 54 



Family Anatid^. Ducks, Geese, and Swans ... 56, 316 



Subfamily Merging. Mergansers, Sheldrakes . . 56, 316 



Subfamily Anatin^. River and Pond Ducks . . 58, 319 



Subfamily Fuligulin^. Bay and Sea Ducks . . 62, 331 



Subfamily Anserine. Geese 71, 347 



Subfamily Cygnin^. Swans 73, 354 



Family Plataleid^. Spoonbills 75, 357 



Family Ibidid^. Ibises 76, 358 



Family Ciconiid^. Storks and Wood Ibises . . . 77, 360 



Family Ardeid^. Herons, Egrets, and Bitterns . . 78, 362 



Family Gruid^. Cranes 84, 375 



Family Aramid^. Courlans, Limpkins 85, 379 



Family Rallid^. Rails, Gallinules, and Coots . . 86, 380 



Subfamily Rallin^. Rails 87, 381 



Subfamily Gallinulin^. Gallinules 89, 386 



Subfamily Fulicin^. Coots 89, 387 



Family Phalaropodid^. Phalaropes 93, 389 



Family Recurvirostrid^. Avocets and Stilts ... 95, 392 



Index to Key to Family Scolopacid^ 91 



Family Scolopacid^. Snipes, Sandpipers, Curlews, etc. 96, 395 



Family Charadriid^. Plovers iii, 425 



Family Aphrizid.-e. Turnstones 114, 430 



Index to Key to Families. Land Birds .... 115 



Key to Families of Land Birds 117 



Group i. Birds having wings less than 1.75 inches long; 

 measured bend of wing (carpus) to tip of longest 



feather 117 



Group 2. Birds having wings 1.75 to 2.75 inches long . 117 

 Section i. First primary, less than half as long as 



third 117 



Part I. Tip of upper mandible with small but 



distinct hook or notch 117 



Part 2. Upper mandible without notch or hook 



at tip .. 118 



