336 Field Museum of Natural History — Zoology, Vol. IX. 



during the migrations. It breeds more or less commonly in Wisconsin 

 and also does so (or did) in northern Illinois. The nest is built on 

 the ground, usually in marshes or at least near water. The eggs are 

 from 8 to 12, pale buff or olive buff in color, and measure 2.25 x 1.65 

 inches. 



"It often passes the winter in the southern portions of Illinois." 

 (Ridgway.) "This species also breeds about the marshes in north- 

 eastern Illinois." (Nelson.) "Very common during spring and fall 

 and to some extent a summer resident. '•■ * '^ Even at the present 

 day some few nest regularly as far south as Rock County and more in 

 the less settled regions." (Kumlien and Hollister, Birds of Wisconsin, 

 1903, p. 23.) 



Genus CLANGULA Oken. 



56. Clangula clangula americana (Bonap.). 

 American Golden-eye. 



Glancionetta clangula americana (Bonap.), A. O. U. Check List, 

 1895, p. 54. 



Local names: Whistler. Golden-eye Duck. 



Distr.: North America, breeding chiefly from Maine and North 

 Dakota northward and westward to Alaska; winters from the Great 

 Lakes and New England coast south as far as Cuba, Lower Cali- 

 fornia and Mexico. 



Adult male: Head and throat, glossy dark green; a patch of white 

 on cheeks at the base of the bill, rather round in form; lower throat 



and under parts, white, encir- 

 cling the neck and extending 

 slightly upon the upper back; 

 back, black; wings, black; many 

 of the secondaries, white, and 

 the wing coverts, heavily marked 

 with white, giving the appear- 

 ed ? ance of a very broad white patch 



on the wing. 

 Length, 19.50; wing, 9; bill, 1.50; side of bill, 1.90; tarsus, 1.70; 

 tail, 3.80. 



Adult female: Head and throat, hair -brown; neck, whitish; upper 

 breast and sides of the body, strongly tinged with gray, the ends of 

 the feathers being whitish; rest of the under parts, white; back, 

 brownish black; wings, black; secondaries, mostly white, forming a 

 broad, white wing band; wing coverts, tipped with gray. 



