Shore Birds. 



235. Purple Sandpiper {Arquatella maritima). 

 L. 9. Ads. Above black, margined with rusty and 

 cream-buff; below white, breast and sides heavily 

 marked with black. Winter. Head, neck, and breast, 

 slaty; back blacker, margined with slaty; central sec- 

 ondaries largely white. 



Range.— "Northern portions of the northern hemisphere; in North 

 America chiefly the northeastern portions, breeding- in the high north, 

 migrating in winter to the Eastern and Middle States (casually to 

 Florida) , the Great Lakes and Upper Mississippi Valley." (A. O. U.) 



236. Aleutian Sandpiper {Arquatella conesi). L. 8.5. 

 Similar to No. 23 s, but ad. and yng. with more 

 ochraceous; in winter grayish margins to back lighter 

 and wider. Notes. When flying, a low, clear, musi- 

 cal tweo-tweo-tweo', when feeding, clu-clu-clu. (Nelson.) 



Range. — "Aleutian Islands and coast of Alaska, north to Kowak 

 River, west to Commander Islands, Kamchatka." (A. O. U.) 



256. Solitary Sandpiper {Helodromas solitarius). 

 L. 8.4. Under wing-coverts, axillars, and all but 

 middle tail-feathers barred black and white. Ads. 

 Above fuscous with a faint greenish tinge; head and 

 neck streaked, back spotted with whitish; below white; 

 throat and breast distinctly streaked with dusky. Yng. 

 Fewer spots and streaks above; breast markings fused. 

 Winter. Practically no white markings above. 



Range. — Eastern North America; breeds from Northern States 

 ' (rarely and sporadically) northward; little known of breeding habits; 

 winters south of United States to South America. 



256a. Western Solitary Sandpiper (H. s. cinnamom 



eus). Similar to No. 256, but spots above buffy, es- 

 pecially in fall; inner margin of outer primary speckled 

 black and white. 



Range.- Western North America; breeds in British Columbia (ex- 

 act breeding range unKnown) ; winters south of United States. 



263. Spotted Sandpiper (Actitis macular ia). L. 



7.5. Ads. Below white thickly spotted with black; 

 above brownish gray with a faint greenish lustre, 

 lightly marked with black. Yng. Similar above but 

 faintly margined with dusky and buff; below white, 

 breast grayer; no black marks. Winter. Same but no 

 margins above. Notes. Teet-weet, repeated. 



Range. — North America, north to Hudson Bay; breeds throughout 

 its North American range; winters from southern California and West 

 Indies to South America. 



284. Black Turnstone (Arenaria melanocephala) . 

 L. 9. No rusty; lower back, longer upper tail-coverts 

 and base of tail white; shorter upper tail-coverts black. 

 Ads. Above and breast brownish black; belly white. 

 Yng. Browner margined with whitish. Winter. 

 Same as Yng, but no margins. Notes. A sharp, weet, 

 weet, too-weet. (Nelson.) 



Range. — "Pacific coast of North America from Point Barrow, Alas- 

 ka to Santa Margarita Island, Lower California; breeding from Alas- 

 ka to British Columbia. " (A.O.U.) 



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