Shore Birds. 



222. Red Phalarope (Crymophilus fulicarius). L. 

 8.10; B. 9. Bill heavy, wider than deep. Ad. 9. 

 Below entirely reddish brown; cap black, back black 

 and buff. Ad. c?. Similar, but smaller; crown and 

 back streaked with brown, black, and buff. Yng. 

 Resemble <j\ but upper tail-coverts plumbeous, un- 

 derpays white. Winter. Crown and underparts white, 

 hindneck black, back gray. Notes. A musical clink, 

 clink. (Nelson.) 



Range.— "Northern parts of northern hemisphere, breeding in the 

 Arctic regions and migrating south in winter; in the United States 

 south to the Middle States. Ohio Valley, and Cape St. Lucas; chiefly 

 maritime " (A. O. U.) 



223. Northern Phalarope (Thalaropus lobatus). 

 L. 7.7; B. .8. Bill short, slender, sharply pointed. 

 Ad. $. Breast rufous; above slaty gray mixed with 

 ochraceous on back. Ad. <j\ Smaller, less rufous 

 on throat; above blackish streaked with rusty. Yng. 

 Underparts and forehead white; crown sooty; back 

 blackish streaked with straw-color. Winter. Upper- 

 parts gray mixed with white; underparts white. 

 Notes. A low chippering, clicking note. 



Range.— Northern hemisphere; breeds from Labrador and northern 

 British America north to Greenland and Alaska: winters apparently 

 south of United States where it is known as a migrant chiefly off the 



coasts. 



224. Wilson Phalarope (Steganopus tricolor). 

 L. 9.5; B. 1.3. Bill long. Ad. $. Sides of neck 

 black and chestnut; crown and back gray. Ad. <j\ 

 Smaller; chestnut and black much less and duller; 

 crown and back blackish, latter sometimes with ru- 

 ous. Yng. Below white; crown and back black 

 margined with ochraceous; nape brownish gray. 

 Winter. Above gray, upper tail-coverts white; below 

 white. Notes. A soft, trumpeting yna,yna. 



Range. North America, chieflv in the interior; breeds from north- 

 ern Illinois (rarely), Minnesota and Central California, north to latitude 

 55 : winters south of United States to southern South America. 



283. Turnstone {Arenaria interpres). Similar to 

 283.1 but larger, W. 6., and upperparts in ad. with 

 black prevailing. Yng. Blacker than young of 283.1. 



Range.— Eastern hemisphere, in America, only in Greenland and 

 Alaska. 



283.1. Ruddy Turnstone {Arenaria morinella). 

 L. 9.5; W. 5.7. Ads. Reddish brown prevailing in 

 upper surface. Yng. Above and breast grayish 

 brown margined with buffy, throat, abdomen, rump 

 and long upper tail-coverts white as in ad.; shorter 

 upper tail-coverts black. Notes. When flying, a loud 

 twittering note. (Nuttall.) 



Range. — Nearly cosmopolitan; breeds in Arctic regions; winters in 

 America south of United States to Patagonia. 



288. Mexican Jacana {Jacana spinosa). L. 8. 

 Toes over 1.5. Ads. Chestnut and black; wings 

 mostly greenish. Yng. Forehead, line over eye, and 

 below white. Above grayish brown, sometimes with 

 rump chestnut, nape black. Notes. A harsh, rapidly 

 repeated eep, eep, eep. 



Range.— Central America and Mexico north to Lower RioGrande 

 Valley, Cuba and Haiti. 



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