Ducks. 



163. American Scoter (Oidemia americand). L. 19. 

 Feathers at base of bill not extending forward on sides 

 or top. Ad. r?. Wholly black; bill black, yellow at 

 base. Ad. 9- Brownish above, lighter below; no 

 white on wing or on sides of head. Notes. A long 

 musical whistle. (Elliot.) 



Range. — Northern North America; breeds from Labrador and Alas- 

 kan shores of Bering- Sea northward; winters south to Virginia, Great 

 Lakes, Colorado, and California. 



165. White-winged Scoter {Oidemia deglandi). 

 L. 22. A white patch on wing; feathers extending 

 forward along sides and top of bill nearly to nostrils. 

 Ad. cT- Black, a white spot about eye; bill orange, 

 black at base. Ad. 9- Dusky brown above; lighter 

 below. Yng. tf. Similar but sides and front of head 

 whitish. 



Range.— Northern North America; breeds from Labrador and North 

 Dakota northward; winters south to Virginia, southern Illinois, and 

 Lower California. 



166. Surf Scoter {Oidemia perspicillat a). L. 20. 

 Feathers extending forward on top of bill. Ad. cf- 

 Black, nape and crown white; bill orange, yellow, and 

 white, a round black patch on its sides. Ad. 9- 

 Above black, throat and breast paler; belly whitish; 

 a whitish patch at base of bill. Yng. Similar but 

 with white patches on ears. 



Range.— Northern North America; breeds from Newfoundland 

 northward; winters south to Virginia, Florida, Illinois, and Lower Cal- 

 ifornia. 



177. Black-bellied Tree Duck {TDendrocygna an- 

 tumnalis). L. 22. Ads. Belly and tail coverts black; 

 foreback and breast gray; greater wing-coverts 

 whitish. Notes. A shrill whistle. (Elliot.) 



Range.— Tropical America north to southern Texas. 



178. Fulvous Tree Duck {Tfendrocygna fulva). 

 L. 22. Ads. Belly uniform rusty brown; upper tail 

 coverts white; a black streak on hindneck; no white in 

 wing. Notes. A squealing whistle. 



Range.— Tropical America, north in summer to Texas, Louisiana, 

 Nevada and central California. "Casual in North Carolina and 

 Missouri." (A. O. U.) 



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