Gulls. 



42. Glaucous Gull (Larus glaucus). L. 28; W. 17. 



i; B. 2.35. No black in plumage. Ads. Primaries 

 white tinted with pearl; bill with red spot at end of 

 lower mandible. Yng. Dirty white or gray, mottled 

 with dusky and buffy, chiefly above; primaries white; 

 outer webs brownish. 



Range. — Northern hemisphere; breeds in America, from Labrador 

 northward; winters south to middle California, Great Lakes and Long 

 Island. 



42.1. Point Barrow Gull (Larus barrovianus). 

 Similar to No. 42, but bill through angle not so deep, 

 (.8 as compared with .9 in glaucus); primaries more 

 distinctly tipped with white. Notes, "ku-ku-kii, M- 

 ku-kil, M-lee-oo, M-lee-oo, M-lee-oo, M-M-M, M- 

 M-M, the M-M hoarse, the rest a shrill screaming." 

 (Nelson.) 



Range. — "Bering Sea and contiguous waters; northeast to Point 

 Barrow, southwest to Japan." (A. O. U.) 



43. Iceland Gull (Larus leucopterus). L. 25; W. 16; 

 B. 1.75. Similar in color to Nos. 42 and 42.1, but 

 smaller. 



Range. — Atlantic; breeds in Greenland; winters south in America to 

 Great Lakes, and rarely, Long Island. 



44. Glaucous-winged Gull (Larus glaucescens). L. 

 27. Ads., summer. Head, tail, and underparts white; 

 back pearl; primaries pearl, tipped with white. Ads. , 

 winter. Head and neck streaked with brownish. 

 Yng. Brownish gray, more or less mixed with white, 

 including wings and tail. 



Range. — North Pacific; breeds from British Columbia to Bering 

 Straits; winters south to southern California. 



45. Kumlien Gull (Larus kumlieni). W. 16.2; 

 B. 1. 75- Similarto No. 43, but primaries with well de- 

 fined ashy gray spaces; outer primary tipped with white, 

 with ashy gray on outer web and shaft part of inner 

 web; second primary ashy gray on only shaft part of 

 outer web. 



Range. — "North Atlantic coast of North America, breeding in Cum- 

 berland Gulf; south in winter to the coast of the Middle States." (A. 

 O. U.) 



46. Nelson Gull (Larus nelsont). "Wing 

 culmen 2.35. Ads. In plumage exactly like L. 

 lieni; depth of bill through angle .80; tarsus 

 middle toe (without claw) 2.40." (Ridgv/ay.) 



Range. — "Coast of Norton Sound, Alaska." (A. O. U.) 



53 



8.25, 



kum- 

 3.05; 



