Perching Birds Marked With Red. 



593. Cardinal {Cardinalis cardinalis). L. 9; W. 

 3.7; T. 4.1. Ad. tf. Forehead with a well-defined 

 black band; feathers of back (except in worn plumage) 

 tipped with olive-brown or olive-gray. Ad. 9 . Above 

 olive-brown; crest, wings and tail dull red edged with 

 olive-brown; throat and region at base of bill gray; 

 breast buffy, sometimes tinged with red; belly whiter. 

 Notes. Call, a sharp, insignificant tsip; song, a rich, 

 sympathetic whistle, whe-e-e-you, whe-e-e, hurry-hurry- 

 hurry, quick-quick-quick, and other notes. 



Range. — Eastern United States; resident from northern Florida and 

 eastern Texas north to southern New York and Iowa. 



593a. Arizona Cardinal (C c. superbus). Largest 

 of our Cardinals, L. 9.5; W. 4; T. 4.9. Ad. J*. 



Paler, more rosy, than No. 593; margins to back 

 feathers usually gray; black on forehead usually sep- 

 arated by base of culmen. Ad. 9. Gray above like 

 No. 593c, but breast richer, much as No. 593d; gray of 

 throat more restricted and often confined to the chin. 



Range. — Southern Arizona and northern Sonora, Mexico. 



593b. Saint Lucas Cardinal (C. c. igneus). Simi- 

 lar to No. 593a, but smaller; W. 3.6; T. 4; J* with 

 even less, sometimes almost no black on forehead; ? 

 paler; gray on chin and about base of bill less defined. 



Range.— Southern Lower California. 



593c. Gray-tailed Cardinal (C. c. canicaudus). W. 

 3.7. Ad. r?. Red bright as in No. 593d, but black on 

 forehead narrower, usually separated by base of cul- 

 men. Ad. $. Grayer than $ of No. 593, the edgings 

 of wings and tail usually gray without an olive tinge. 



Range.— Texas, except western and northeastern parts, and north- 

 eastern Mexico. 



593d. Florida Cardinal (C. c. Jloridanus) . Smaller 

 than No. 593, W. 3.4; cT averaging deeper red; $ 

 darker and richer in color, particularly on breast. 



Range. — Southern half of Florida. 



594. Arizona Pyrrhuloxia {Tyrrlmloxia sinuata). 

 L. 9; W. 3.6; T. 4.1. Ad. c?. Gray; in fresh plumage 

 washed with brownish; crest, wings and tail externally 

 dull red; under wing-coverts, center of breast and of 

 belly, throat, and region about base of bill, rosy red. 

 Ad. 9 . Usually little or no red about bill or on under- 

 parts. Notes. Call, several flat, thin notes; song, 

 a clear, straight whistle. (Bailey.) 



Range.— Northwestern Mexico, north to western Texas, southwest- 

 ern New Mexico, and Arizona. 



594a. Texas Cardinal (P. s. texana). Similar to 

 No. 594, but bill larger; upperparts averaging slightly 

 grayer; red before eyes averaging duskier. 



Range. —Northeastern Mexico, north to southern Texas. 



594b. Saint Lucas Pyrrhuloxia {P. s. peninsulce). 

 Similar in color to No. 594, but decidedly smaller, with 

 the bill larger; W. 3.4; T. 3.7. (Ridgw.) 



Range.— Cape Region of Lower California. 



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