Owls. 



< 



37 5. Great Horned Owl {Bubo virginianas). c?, 

 L. 22; W. 15. Ads. Ears conspicuous; the feathers 

 nearly throughout the body rusty basally; facial disc 

 rich rusty. Notes. A loud, low, deep-toned zvhoo, hoo- 

 hoo-hoo, whooo-whooo, variable, but usually on the same 

 note; rarely a hair-raising scream. 



Range. — Eastern North America; north to Labrador, south to Central 

 America; resident. 



375a. Western Horned Owl (B. v. pallescens). 

 Smaller and paler than No. 375, W. 13.7; facial disc 

 washed with rusty. 



Range. — Western United States, except Pacific coast region, east 

 to Great Plains; casually Wisconsin and Illinois north to Manitoba 

 and British Columbia; south to Mexico. 



375b. Arctic Horned Owl (B. v. arctiais). Black 

 and white prevailing above; bases of feathers light 

 yellowish buff; below black and white with 

 little or no buffy; facial disc gray. 



Range.— Interior of Arctic America, from Rocky Mountains east to 

 Hudson Bay; breeds north of Lat. 51 ; in winter straggles south- 

 ward to adjacent border of United States; rarely to Wyoming and 

 Nebraska. 



375c. Dusky Horned Owl (B. v. saturates). Size 

 of No. 375b, but much darker; black bars below equal- 

 ling white ones in width; darkest bird of group. 



Range. — "Pacific coast region from Monterey Bav, California, 

 north to Alaska; east to Hudson Bay and Labrador." (A. O. U.) 



375d. Pacific Horned Owl (B. v. pacificus) . Some- 

 what smaller than No. 375b, W. 13.5; more like No. 

 375 in color but less rusty. 



Range.— California, except humid coast region; east to Arizona. 



375e. Dwarf Horned Owl CB. v. elachistus). Sim- 

 ilar to No. 375c, but very much smaller. W. cT, 12.8; 

 $, 13.4. (Brewster.) 



Range.— Lower California. 



376. Snowy Owl {Nyctea nyctea) . L. 25. Ad. <$. 



White more or less barred with blackish. Ad. 2. Sim- 

 ilar, but more heavily barred. 



Range.— Northern parts of northern hemisphere; in America breeds 

 from Lat. 50 ° northward; winters south to northern United States; 

 straggles as far as Texas and California. 



377a. American Hawk Owl (Surma ulula caparoch). 

 L. 15; T. 7.2 long and rounded. Ads. Above 

 brownish black, crown thickly spotted, scapulars con- 

 spicuously margined with white; chin blackish; belly 

 barred. Notes. A shrill cry generally uttered while 

 flying. (Fisher.) 



Range.— Northern North America; breeds from Newfoundland and 

 northern Montana northward; winters south to northern L'nited 

 States, rarely to New Jersey, Pennsylvania, and Illinois; rare on 

 Pacific coast. 



143 



