Woodpeckers. 



392. Ivory-billed Woodpecker (Campephilus princi- 

 palis). L. 20; B. 2.7, ivory white. Ad. tf. Crest 

 scarlet. Ad. ?. Similar to the J 1 , but crest black. 

 Notes. A sharp, penny trumpet-like yap-yap. 



Range.— Florida west to eastern Texas; north to southern Miss- 

 ouri and Oklahoma; formerly north to North Carolina, Illinois, and 

 Indiana. 



400. Arctic Three-toed Woodpecker {Picoides arc 

 ticus). L. 9.5. Back shining black without white; toes 

 two in front, one behind Ad.tf. Crown yellow. Ad. $. 

 Crown black. Notes. A sharp, shrill, chirk, chirk. 

 (Hardy.) 



Range. — "Northern North America, from the Arctic regions south to 

 northern United States, (New England, New York, Michigan, Minne- 

 sota and Idaho), and in the Sierra Nevadas to Lake Tahoe." (A. O. 

 U.) 



401. American Three-toed Woodpecker {Picoides 

 americanus). L. 8.7. Back with white; toes two in 

 front, one behind. Ad. tf. Crown yellow; white bars 

 on back broken, detached not confluent. Notes. A 

 prolonged squealing, rarely uttered. (Turner.) 



Range.— Northern North America; west to Rocky Mountains; 

 breeds from Maine, mountains of New Hampshire, northern New 

 York, and northern Minnesota northward; south i 1 winter, rarely to 

 Massachusetts, central New York, and northern Illinois. 



401a. Alaskan Three-toed Woodpecker (P. a. 



fasciatus). Similar to No. 401, but white bars on back 

 confluent forming a more or le^s continuous white 

 patch. 



Range. — "Alaska Territory; casual! v? south through western 

 British Columbia to northwestern Washington (vicinity of Mt. 

 Baker); east irregularly to Great Bear Lake and the Mackenzie 

 River Valley, Northwest Territory." (Bendire.) 



40 I b. Alpine Three-toed Woodpecker (P. a. dorsa- 

 lis). Similar to No. 401a, but larger. W. 5: bill 

 narrower. Notes. A harsh, nasal cry; a sudden, 

 sharp whip, whip, whip, (Mearns.) 



Range.— "Rockv Mountain region from British Columbia and 

 Idaho south into New Mexico." (A. O. U.) 



405. Pileated Woodpecker (Ceophlceus pileatus). 

 L. 17. W. 8.9. Ad. cj. Crown, crest, and streaks 

 on sides of throat red; sides of neck and patch on wing 

 white. Ad. 9. Forehead brownish, no red on sides of 

 throat. Notes. A sonorous cow-cow-cow, repeated slow- 

 ly many times and a wichew call when two birds meet; 

 both suggesting calls of the Flicker. 



Range.— Southern United States north to South Carolina. 



405a. Northern Pileated Woodpecker (C. p. abie- 

 ticola). Similar to No. 405, but slightly larger, W. 9; 

 T. 6.2. 



Range.— Locally distributed throughout more heavily wooded 

 regions of North America, except in southern United States, north to 

 Lat. 63°. 



149 



