Perching Birds ]Chiefly Gray, Blaok, or Black and White. 



62 1. Northern Shrike {Lanius borealis). L. 10 2. 

 Lores grayish. Ads. Above bluish gray; tail 

 black, outer featers tipped with white; below white, 

 usually with wavy bars. Yug. Above washed with 

 brown; below more distinctly and more heavily barred 

 Notes. Song, not unlike that of the Brown Thrasher 

 but more disconnected, less loud. 



Range. — North America; breeds from Labrador to Alaska; winters 

 south, irregulaily, to Virginia, Kansas, Arizona, and California. 



622. Loggerhead Shrike {Lanius ludovicianus) . 

 9. Lores black. Ads. Underparts white -without bars; 

 above bluish gray; rump and upper tail-coverts little if 

 any paler; tail black, outer feathers tipped with white. 

 Yug. Underparts, head, and rump more or less nar- 

 rowly barred. Notes. Call, harsh and discordant; 

 song', a series of guttural gurgles, squeaky whistles. 



R mge. - Eastern United States; breeds from Florida to Virginia; 

 In A\ississippi Valley, northeast to western Pennsylvania, central and 

 northern New York, Massachusetts, western New Hampshire, Maine, 

 and British Columbia; migrates down Atlantic States, as well as Mis- 

 sissippi Valley, and winters in southern States. 



622a. White-rumped Shrike {L. I. excubitorides) . 

 Similar to No. 622, but paler above, rump and upper 

 tail-coverts whiter; bill less deep. 



Range. -"Western North America, from eastern border of the Plains 

 to the Pacific, except < oast of California, and from Manitoba and the 

 Plains of the Saskatchewan south over tablelands of Mexico." 



622b. California Shrike {L. I. gambeli). Similar 

 to No. 622, but rump paler, breast usually with indis- 

 tinct wavy bars and tinged with brownish. 



Range. —Pacific coast, from Lower California to British Columbia. 



622c. Island Shrike (L. I. anthonyi) . Similar to 

 No. 622b, but darker and smaller, W. 3.7. 



Range. — Santa Barbara Islands, California. 



703. Mockingbird {Mimus poly glottos) . L. 10.5. 

 Ads. Above ashy gray; below soiled whitish; outer 

 tail-feathers with white; wing-coverts narrowly tipped 

 with white; primaries white basally. Notes. Call, a 

 harsh, kissing note; song indescribable. 



Range. — Southeastern United States and Bahamas, west to north- 

 eastern Texas; breeds north to southern New Jersey (rarely 

 Massachusetts), and southern Illinois; winters from Virginia and 

 lower Mississippi Valley southward. 



703a. Western Mockingbird (M. p. leucopterus) . 

 Similar to No. 703, but with a very slight brownish 

 tinge below and white areas in wing averaging larger. 



Range. — Southwestern United States and northern Mexico from 

 Indian Territory and eastern Texas west to California. 



765. Wheatear (Saxicola oenanthe). L. 6; W. 3.7. 

 Ad. c?. Back gray, upper tail-coverts and base of 

 tail white; below white more or less washed with buff. 

 Ad. 9- Browner above and below, no black through 

 eye. Ads. in winter and Yug. Similar to 9, but cinna- 

 mon brown above, cinnamon below. 



Range. — Asia; migrating in summer to Alaska. 



765a. Greenland Wheatear (S. ae. leucorhoa). Sim- 

 ilar to No. 765, but larger, W. 4. 



Range. — Western Europe; breeds in Greenland and on adjoining 

 mainland; rarely south to St. Lawrence; casually to Louisiana. 



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