Perching Birds Chiefly Gray, Black, or Black and White. 



615a. St. Lucas Swallow (T. t. brachyptera) . 

 Similar to No. 615, but wing shorter, J*, 4.1, $, 4. 

 (Brewster.) 



Range. — Lower California. 



458. Black Phoebe (Sayornis nigricans). L. 7.2. 

 Ads. Breast and head black, back grayer; outer web 

 of outer ta 1-feather white; belly black, under tail-cov- 

 erts white streaked with dusky. Notes. A liquid hip, a 

 rising kee-ree, and a falling kee-wray. (Bailey.) 



Range.— Mexico, except Yucatan and Pacific coast from Colima 

 northward, north into Texas, New Mexico, and southeastern Arizona. 



458a. Western Black Phoebe (S. n. semiatra). 

 Similar to No. 458, but under tail-coverts white with- 

 out dusky streaks. 



Range —Pacific coast of Mexico and United States, from Colima to 

 Pregon, including most of Arizona. (Nelson.) 



494. Bobolink; Reedbird {Dolichonyx ory^ivorus). 

 \4d. fj\ summer. Black; nape buffy, lower back, 

 scapulars and upper tail-coverts white. Ad. 9. 

 Above yellowish brown streaked with buff, and black; 

 below yellowish white, sides streaked with black. 

 Winter ylumage, Ads and Yng. Like 9 but yellower. 

 Notes. Song, an irrepressible bubbling outburst of 

 "mad music" often given on the wing; calls, a black- 

 bird-like chuck and a metallic, far carrying, chink. 



Range.— Eastern North America, west to Utah; breeds from north- 

 ern New Jersey, Illinois and Kansas, north to Nova Scotia, Manitoba, 

 and Montana; migrates south through Florida and West Indies, and 

 winters south 01 Amazon. 



534. Snowflake ( Passer ina nivalis). L. 6.9. Hind 

 toe-nail twice as long as shortest toe-nail. Ad. cm 

 summer. Head, rump, secondaries, outer tail-feathers 

 and below white; rest of plumage largely black. Ad. 

 $, summer. Similar, but crown blackish,, back edged 

 with rusty or grayish. Winter. Above rusty and 

 black, below white, breast tinged with rusty. Notes. 

 Calls, a clearly piped whistle, and a peculiar chirr, 

 often uttered when taking wing; song, short, simple, 

 but rather sweet. (Minot.) 



Range.— Breeds in northern parts of northern hemisphere; irregu- 

 larly to Georgia, southern Indiana, Kansas, Colorado, and eastern 

 Oregon; in winter south to northern states. 



534a. Pribilof Snowflake (P. n. townsendi). Sim- 

 ilar to No. 534, but larger, with relatively longer bill; 

 d\ W. 4.7; B .5. (Ridgw.) 



Range. — Aleutian and Commander Islands, Pribilof Island, Shuma- 

 gin Islands. (Ridgw.) 



535" McKay Snowflake (Passerina hyperboreus). 

 L. 7.5; W. 4.6; B .4. Similar to No. 534, but with 

 more white. Ad. <5\ summer. Back and scapulars 

 entirely white. Ad. ?, summer. Crown and hind- 

 neck white. Yng. Not certainly distinguishable from 

 Yng. of No. 534. (Ridgw.) 



Range.— Breeds on Hall and St. Mathews Islands, Bering Sea; in 

 winter west coast of Alaska. 



251 



