122 FULIGULA CRIST AT A. 



the tenth secondary, the tips black; the breast and sides 

 white ; hind part of abdomen and lower tail-coverts dusky / 

 tail greyish-black, of fourteen feathers ; iris bright yellotv. 

 Female much smaller, with the crest shorter; the head and 

 upper neck brownish-black ; the upper parts blackish-brown, 

 more faintly dotted with wJiitish ; the breast white, the sides 

 and lower fore-neck dusky broicn, the feathers edged ivith 

 whitish ; hind part of abdomen and lower tail-coverts dusky, 

 variegated with ivhitish; iris pale yelloiv. Young similar to 

 the female, but ivith the bill and feet darker, the plumage 

 more brown ; a ivhite patch on each side before the eye, and 

 a triangidar ivhitish patch on the chin. 



Male in Winter. — This species, easily distinguished by 

 its large decurved crest, dusky upper plumage, and white, 

 black-edged wing-band, is of a remarkably short and compact 

 form, having the body broadly elliptical, depressed, and 

 plump ; the neck of moderate length ; the head rather large, 

 oblong, compressed, and rounded above. 



The bill is a little shorter than the head, about the same 

 height and breadth at the base, becoming depressed and en- 

 larging in breadth to the end, which is rounded ; the upper 

 mandible with the basal sinuses short and angular, the 

 dorsal line declinate, a little recurved, the ridge broad and 

 flat, gradually narrowed and becoming convex, the side at 

 the base rapidly sloping, toward the end convex, the tip 

 semicircular, with the unguis small, obovate, decurved ; the 

 edges soft, marginate, with a deep linear groove, and con- 

 cealing the scarcely elevated outer ends of the nearly direct, 

 recurved, little elevated lamellae, of which there are about 

 forty ; a curved groove on each side of the tip ; the nasal 

 space small, elliptical, sub-basal; the lower mandible flat, 

 with the intercrural space very long, rather narrow, bare, 

 the crura slender, Avith their lower outline very slightly 

 convex, the sides with about thirty-five outer and sixty inner 

 lamellae, the unguis obovato-triangular. 



The mouth is of moderate width. The tongue fleshy, 

 deeply grooved above, an inch and a half in length, with a 

 deep medial groove, its sides with two series of bristly fila- 



