GOOSANDERS AND ALLIED SPECIES. 203 



3. Merganser cucullatus. Hooded Goosander. Male 

 with the bill nearly as long as the head; a large, longi- 

 tudinal compressed, semicircular black crest, with an angular 

 patch of white behind ; the head and upper neck black ; the 

 upper parts chiefly black, the lower white, the sides yellowish- 

 brown undulated with black ; feet yellowish-brown. Female 

 with the crest smaller and decurved, the head reddish- 

 brown, the throat greyish-white, the upper parts dusky, the 

 lower white, the sides dusky brown. 



GENUS II. MERGUS. SMEW. 



Bill shorter than the head, rather stout, straight, taper- 

 ing, the edges with narrow, oblique lamellse, of which the 

 outer ends are erect, dentiform, and rather acute ; the upper 

 unguis elliptical, decurved ; tarsus very short, compressed, 

 with numerous small anterior scutella, reticulated on the 

 sides with flat angular scales ; hind toe very small, arcuate, 

 lobate ; anterior toes long, scutellate, the outer nearly as 

 long as the third ; interdigital membranes full, concave on 

 the margin ; claws small, compressed, little arched, rather 

 acute ; wings short, convex, acute, the first quill longest ; 

 tail short, much rounded, of sixteen stifiish feathers. 



1. Mergus Albellus. Pied Smew. Male with the bill 

 much shorter than the head ; a decurved longitudinal white 

 crest, a greenish-black patch on the fore part of the cheek ; 

 the head and upper neck white; the upper parts chiefly 

 black and grey, the lower white, the sides partly grey ; feet 

 greyish-blue. Female with the crest smaller ; the head, 

 cheeks, and hind-neck brownish-red ; a reddish-black patch 

 before the eye, the throat pure white, the upper parts black 

 and grey, the lower white, the sides grey. 



