BUFF-BREASTED GOOSANDER. 209 



inches in length, is fleshy, tapering, emarginate and papillate 

 at the base, with a longitudinal double series of slender, 

 acute, reversed papillae on its upper surface, and two series of 

 bristly filaments on each side, its tip flattened, lacerated, and 

 horny beneath. The oesophagus, sixteen inches long, is very 

 wide, being an inch and a half in breadth at first, but in en- 

 tering the thorax contracts to an inch, to expand into an 

 elongated sac, including the proventriculus, three inches and 

 a half in length, and two inches in width. The proventri- 

 cular belt is two inches in breadth, its glandules very numer- 

 ous, cylindrical, two-twelfths in length. The walls of the 

 oesophagus are very thick, its two layers of fibres very dis- 

 tinct, its inner coat longitudinally plaited when contracted. 

 The stomach is muscular, being in fact a strong gizzard, of 

 moderate size, roundish, two inches long, with the lateral 

 muscles half an inch thick, the epithelium nearly a twelfth 

 in thickness, rather soft, and rugous. The intestine is six 

 feet seven inches in length, and from half an inch in width 

 in the duodenal part to three-twelfths and a half. The cceca 

 are two inches long, cylindrical, obtuse, narrow at the base, 

 their greatest breadth four-twelfths. The rectum is eight 

 inches long, cylindrical, but enlarged into a globular cloaca, 

 an inch and a quarter in width. 



The trachea, which is about a foot in length, when mode- 

 rately extended, is for a short space only four-twelfths in 

 breadth, gradually expands to eight-twelfths, then as gra- 

 dually contracts to four-twelfths, but again enlarges to six- 

 twelfths, and slowly contracts to three-twelfths. The upper 

 dilatation is much flattened, the lower less. The number of 

 rings in this extent is an hundred and forty-eight. At the 

 lower part is formed, by the union and expansion of a number 

 of rings, an enormous long dilatation of an irregular form in- 

 clining to the right side, separated longitudinally on the right 

 side by a membrane, from a very large recurvate tympanum, 

 into Avhich it opens below, and which is three-sided, the 

 edges being bony and rounded, and the sides membranou?. 

 The right bronchus, having twenty half-rings, comes oflT 

 from the lower curve of the first dilatation, and the left, 

 which although longer, has the same number, from the lower 



VOL. V. p 



