The Greek Dimimitive Suffix -icr/.o- -loxtj-. 189 



= -/.diloc, iy.-ACj~z'jc ' a hollow i. e. scoop-shaped knife ' for surgical 

 purposes. The primitive is the adjective xoIXo?. 



92. There is left the one word avOpio-KO? ^ in which -t(7xo- might 

 be thought of as a suffix of possession, in as much as it might be 

 ' that which is provided with flowers,' a certain umbelhferous plant. 

 Cf. Hes. avO'piGVviov • }.a/avov s/ov avQ-o^ w? avY]Q>ov. One would 

 expect a primitive *avQ'|:ov or *avS>"/ip, but none is known to have 

 existed, and moreover, the earher form (in Sappho and the Comic 

 poets Cratinus and Pherecrates) was av9'p'j<r/.ov. This shows that the 

 avupicr/.oc of Poll. 6. 106 as well as avS-piGvaov of Hesychius was remod- 

 elled from the old form in -oaxov, and that we therefore need not 

 look for any real meaning of -kt/.o-. 



93. Our conclusions can be summarized as follows. Apparent 

 cases of all meanings except ' diminutive ' uses and the designation 

 of similarity are later than the Classical period, and never were 

 consciously attributed to the suffix. Words which seem to show 

 these meanings are all due do congeneric attraction or to the sub- 

 stitution of -KTAO- for -lov because of the general feehng of equiv- 

 alence of the two suffixes. None of these ujes gained any pro- 

 ductivity whatsoever so as to show that a feeling for them really 

 existed. A number of words in -lov.o-, however, from the Classical 

 period on, did not differ from their primitives. 



VIII. PROPER NAMES IM -ILKO-. 



94. I have reserved for a particular chapter the proper names in 

 -layio- because they present distinct pecuHarities of their own apart 

 from the appellatives, and because they form a congeneric group 

 whose relationship is much more important than the different ways 

 in which the suffix modifies the primitive. 



95. I am referring, however, principally to the personal names ; 

 for the geographical names are rare and largely uncertain. Many 

 of them are merely foreign names which happen to have been 

 used by Greek WTiters, and these of course can not concern us 

 directly. Thus the Keltic names like IxopBio^ot (Strabo), Taupi- 

 crxGi (St. B.), and T£L»pi(7xoi (Strabo) do not interest us except as 

 they bear on L E. -isko- (§ 2f.), neither do the Italic ^aXCoxot 

 and <I>a}i'7/v0v, nor various names of towns and rivers in Asia Mi- 

 nor and near the Danube, e. g. ZaXtTxc? - (Ptol.) a river in Paph- 



^ Words which end in -laxo- which is not wholly suffixal do not concern 

 us. So 6Laxog (Janson, op. cit. 4) and ^Laxog (ib. 5). 



^ Pape translates ' Schierenbeck,' referring to f«'A»j, which is uncertain 

 because we are not sure of the Greek origin of the name. 



