v.— HEPATICAE: YALE PERUVIAN EXPEDITION 

 OF 1911 



By Alexander W. Evans, Ph.D. 



INTRODUCTION 



The Yale Peruvian Expedition of 1911, under the direction of 

 Professor Hiram Bingham, carried on extensive explorations in the 

 southeastern part of Peru. Although the main purpose of the Ex- 

 pedition was the accumulation of data on the Geology and Archeology 

 of the region, collections of invertebrate animals and of plants were 

 made by Professor Harry Ward Foote, one of the members of the 

 party. Instead of attempting to collect indiscriminately he wisely 

 restricted his attention to a few definite groups, and the group of 

 the Hepaticae was among those selected. The material of this group 

 comprises thirty-five packets, several of which contain an admixture 

 of two or more species. Thirty-one species in all, representing 

 fourteen genera, are in a condition to be identified. The specimens 

 came from seven different localities, namely: Cuzco (one species), 

 Huadquiiia (three), Lucma (five), OUantaytambo (two), San Miguel 

 (sixteen), Santa Ana (nine), and Urubamba (one). The following 

 information about these localities has been furnished by Professor 

 Foote. Cuzco, OUantaytambo, Santa Ana, and Urubamba are all 

 well-known towns, the last three being situated on the Urubamba 

 River, which flows in a general northwesterly direction. Cuzco is 

 a few miles distant from the river and nearer its source. San Miguel 

 is a small district twenty or twenty-five miles below OUantaytambo 

 and is not to be confused with the town of San Miguel in the north- 

 western part of Peru; Huadquina is a large estate lying a few miles 

 below San Miguel ; while Lucma is a town on the Vilcabamba River, 

 a small branch of the Urubamba entering from the west a few miles 

 south of Santa Ana. Cuzco, at an elevation of 11,500 feet, is well 

 above the forest line, although a single species of tree was observed 

 there. Urubamba, OUantaytambo, and Lucma, at elevations 

 varying from 7,000 to 9,500 feet, are also above the true forest line, 

 in spite of the fact that several species of trees are of occasional 

 occurrence. San Miguel, Huadquina, and Santa Ana, at elevations 

 varying from 3,000 to 6,000 feet are all in a region which is either 

 forested now or has been in former times. The primary growth 



