He-paticae : Yale Peruvian Expedition of igii. 323 



altogether constant. In some cases it bears long cilia, similar to 

 those on the lateral wings. These cilia are never numerous — from one 

 to three in most cases — and, when more than one, often occur in two 

 rows, representing the ani,les of the two coalescent postical keels. 

 In most cases the postical cilia are close to the apex, but they may 

 be situated as far back as the middle of the perianth. Apparently 

 they are never borne on wings. 



In T). hypoacantha (Spruce) Steph.,^ known only from Pallatanga, 

 Peru, where it was collected by Spruce, D. axillaris has a very 

 close ally. In fact the validity of D. hypoacantha as a species may 

 be considered doubtful. The two species are of about the same 

 size and agree closely in their leaves, underleaves, bracts, and brac- 

 teoles. The leaves in D. hypoacantha, to be sure, occasionally have 

 more teeth, as many as eight in extreme cases, but usually the number 

 is no higher than in D. axillaris. According to Spruce the inflores- 

 cence in D. hypoacantha is paroicous, but Stephani describes it as 

 dioicous. No antheridia could be discovered in the material studied 

 by the writer so that neither of these statements could be confirmed. 

 In separating D . hypoacantha Spruce relied particularly on characters 

 drawn from the perianths. The form, the beak, and the lateral 

 wings are much the same in the two species, but a typical perianth 

 in D. hypoacantha bears narrow spinose wings along the two coalescent 

 postical keels. These are shorter than the lateral wings but resemble 

 them in other respects. Unfortunately this typical condition seems 

 to be very rare. Frequently only one of the postical wings is devel- 

 oped, or else there are no wings at all and the spines grow out 

 directly from the keels. In extreme cases the number of spines may 

 be reduced to only two or three, and the perianths then bear a 

 stroni^ 



23. Dicranolejeunea rotundata sp. nov. 



On live wood, Santa Ana, 3,000 feet, August 3, 1911. 



Brownish green, not glossy, growing in depressed mats : stems about 

 0.15 mm. in diameter, sparingly pinnate, the branches obhquely to widely 

 spreading, similar to the stem but sometimes with shghtly smaller leaves, 

 never microphyllous : leaves imbricated, obhquely spreading, the lobe slightly 

 convex and falcate, ovate, mostly 0.9 — i mm. long and 0.65—0.75 mm. wide, 

 arching part way across the stem, antical margin outwardly curved from the 

 base to the broad and rounded or very bluntly pointed apex, postical margin 

 straight or more or less outwardly curved, margin entire throughout ; lobule 



^ Sp. Hepat. 5 : 166. 1912. 



Trans. Conn. Acad., Vol. XVIII. 22 April, 1914. 



