Hepaticae : Yale Peruvian Expedition of /pii. 333 



beak. The cells have bulging trigones and the intermediate thicken- 

 ings, although still rare, are much more numerous than elsewhere. 

 Coalescence between thickenings is frequent. The beak is fringed 

 by a series of unicellular papillae at the mouth and a number of 

 similar papillae grow out from the inner surface, so that the mouth 

 is completely blocked up by them. Gottsche was apparently the 

 first to call attention to this striking peculiarity. He stated that 

 it occurred not only in F. gibbosa but in F. riojaneirensis (Raddi) 

 Spruce and other alhed species. It is not, however, confined to 

 the subgenus Chonanthelia. It is found likewise in F. saxicola 

 Aust. and F. cleistostoma Schiffn. & \^'ollny, two species belonging 

 to the subgenus Trachycolea.^ 



In distinguishing F. gibbosa from related species the following 

 characters will be found most serviceable; the brownish pigmen- 

 tation, the closely imbricated leaves and underleaves, the well- 

 developed auricles at the bases of the lobes and underleaves, the 

 blunt apex of the lobule not extending into a horn, the small 

 appendiculum, the broadly expanded stylus, the absence or great 

 infrequency of intermediate thickenings in the leaf-cells, the blunt 

 and entire lobes of the bracts, the four-keeled perianth with the 

 beak closed by papillae. 



28. Frullania hians (Lehm. & Lindenb.) Mont. & Nees 



Jungermannia hians Lehm. & Lindenb.; Lehmann, Pug. Plant. 

 4: 55. 1832. 



Frullania hians Mont. & Nees, Fl. Boliv.; d'Orbignv, Voy. dans 

 I'Amer. Merid. T: 69. 1839. 



On bark, San Miguel, 6,000 feet, July 24, 1911. On rocks, Santa 

 Ana, 3,000 feet, August 4, 1911. 



The original material of the present species was collected by 

 Schiede and Dieppe at Xalapa, Mexico. According to our present 

 knowledge its range extends from the West Indies and Mexico, 

 through Costa Rica, Colombia, Ecuador, and Brazil, to Bolivia 

 and Argentina. It has also been reported by Stephani from the 

 Galapagos Islands. It seems to be confined to rather high alti- 

 tudes. A portion of the type specimen, preserved in the Linden- 

 berg herbarium at Vienna, has been examined by the writer and 

 agrees in all essential respects with the specimens from Ecuador 

 distributed by Spruce. Specimens from Jamaica, Colombia, and 

 Brazil have also been studied. As in the case of F. gibbosa the 



^ See Schiffn. Oester. Bot. Zeitschr. 59: 469. /. 22. 1909. Also Evans, 

 Rhodora 12: 203. 1910. 



