Hepaticae: Yale Peruvian Expedition of kj/i. 341 



25 X 20 // in the middle, and 35 X 27 /< at the base. Trigones 

 are well developed, intermediate thickenings are frequent even in 

 the median region, and coalescence often takes place (Fig. 11, E). 

 The trigones are triangular in form but are subject to considerable 

 variation. Sometimes all three of the sides are convex, but it is 

 much more usual for only one to be convex, the other two being 

 either concave or wavy. When two wavy sides meet the angle 

 between them is often rounded. Sometimes the sides of the trigone 

 are all wavy, and then two or even all three angles of the triangle 

 may be rounded. The intermediate thickenings are for the most 

 part oval. 



The inflorescence is autoicous. The female branch is more or 

 less elongated, and the bracts, which are mostly in two or three 

 pairs, are not crowded as in so many species of Chonanthelia but 

 scarcely overlap at all (Fig. 11, B). The innermost bracts are 

 shortly coalescent with the corresponding bracteole and spread 

 very slightly away from the perianth (Fig. 11, F). The lobe is 

 ovate and averages about 1.3 x 0.7 mm., the margin being entire 

 or vaguely sinuate. The apex varies from rounded to acute or 

 even acuminate. The lobule, which measures about 1.2 x 0.6 mm., 

 is also ovate, and acute or acuminate at the apex; it is strongly 

 concave, however, and therefore appears lanceolate. On the inner 

 edge below the middle the stylus, usually in the form of a sharp 

 tooth-like lobe, may be discerned ; otherwise the margin of the lobule 

 is quite entire. The innermost bracteole is narrowly to broadly 

 ovate and measures about 1 mm. in length and from 0,3 — 0.5 mm, 

 in width. The apex is very variable (Fig, 11, B, G— I), Although 

 normally bifid for about one sixth its length with acute divisions 

 and sinus, the latter may be much shallower and rounded, and 

 the divisions may be obtuse or blunt. It is not unusual, indeed, 

 for one division to be larger or otherwise different from the other, 

 thus making the bracteole unsymmetrical. Aside from the apical 

 divisions the bracteole is either entire or bears a lobe-like tooth 

 on one or both sides near the base. Between the innermost bracts 

 and bracteole and ordinary leaves and underleaves the usual gra- 

 dation may be observed. 



The perianth (Fig. U, B) projects for half its length or less beyond 

 the bracts. It measures about 1.5 mm. in length and 1 mm, in 

 width and is obovate in outline, tapering toward the base and 

 rounded or truncate at the apex. The beak is well developed and 

 practically entire at the mouth, but the throat is closed by short 

 papillae growing out from the inner surface. The perianth is four- 



