The Appendices to the Gospel according to Mark. 423 



later than the ninth century it has been suggested that they may have 

 been walled up and lost sight of for nearly a thousand years, since 

 no traces of medieval meddling are found in them. This opinion of 

 Schmidt has been adopted by Gregory, Crum, Hunt, Rendel Harris, 

 and Goodspeed, and the latter has argued strongly for it, supporting' 

 the view by the suggestion that the subscription at the close of Mark, 

 which now reads Timotheus, but which is evidently written over an 

 erasure, originally read Sinotheus, for the proper name of the White 

 Monastery is Anba Shanudah, embalming the name of the great 

 Shenute, a leading figure in Coptic history who probably became head 

 of this convent in 386 and who lived, we are told, until 451 A.D., 

 dying at the advanced age of one hundred and eighteen. His im- 

 portance led in time to his being looked upon as the founder of the 

 monastery, which was given his name and retained it long after his 

 identity was forgotten. Goodspeed would identify the Timotheus 

 of the rewritten subscription with Timotheus Aelurus, who was pro- 

 bably looked upon by the monks of this convent as their rightful 

 patriarch, though deposed and in exile (460—475 A.D.). It then 

 becomes possible, on this theory, to believe that Sinuthius himself 

 may have handled and read this very MS. 



Prof. Sanders however declared, and still holds to this opinion in 

 his volume accompanying the facsimile edition of the "Washington 

 Manuscript" of Deuteronomy- Joshua (as he suggests calling the first 

 of the Freer Manuscripts since they are later to be deposited in the 

 Smithsonian Institute at Washington by Mr. Freer as a gift to the 

 people of the United States) that "Timothy" here means "St. Ti- 

 mothy" and "All his" means "All the worshippers in his church or 

 the inmates in his monastery." In a writer of the thirteenth century, 

 Abu Salih who wrote on "Churches and Monasteries of Egypt (trans, 

 by Evetts and Butler, p. 190) he finds "Near this place there is a 

 monastery known as the Monastery of the Vinedresser (Dair al- 

 Karram), but called by the heretics the Monastery of the Dogs (Dair 

 al Kalab). The monastery is near the pyramids on the western side, 

 and its church is called the Church of Timothy, the monk, a native 

 of Memphis, whose body is buried in it." This Timothy was a Roman 

 soldier who was martyred in the Diocletian persecution 304 A.D. He 

 claims that among the more than seven hundred churches mentioned 

 by the above writer, who must be dated soon after 1208, there is 

 found no mention of any other church dedicated to Timothy. 



This identification seems to us doubly precarious, first because we 

 can by no means be sure there was no other church in Egypt at this 

 time with the name of Timothy, and in the second place because the 



