93 



EXPLANATION OF THE PLATES ILLUSTRATIVE 

 OF THE INTRODUCTION. 



The ohjects are represented half the natural size. 



Plate I. Skeleton of the Golden Eagle, Aquila Chrysaetus. 



a, the cranium. 

 h, the upper jaw. 



c, the lower jaw. 



d, e, cervical vertebrse. 



e, y, dorsal vertebrae. 



y, ff, sacral and caudal vertebrse. 

 h, h, spinous processes of cervical ver- 

 tebrae. 

 i, i, their transverse processes. 

 j,f, united sacrum and pelvis. 

 /c, k, ribs. 



If spinal portion of rib. 

 m, sternal portion. 

 n, n, processes of ribs. 

 0, py q, sternum. 

 0, crest of sternum. 

 p, body of sternum. 

 q, its posterior margin. 

 r, coracoid bone or clavicle. 

 s, s, furcula. 

 t, scapula. 

 u, u, humei'al bone. 

 V, IV, cubitus. 

 V, V, ulna. 

 w, IV, radius. 



x, w, the two carpal bones between these 

 letters. 



X, metacarpal bones. 



y, first digit. 



z, bone of first phalanx of finger, to 

 which is appended another. 



a, /3, y, OS innominatum. 



a, ilium. 



/3, ischium. 



y, OS pubis. 



^, ischiadic foramen. 



{, obturator notch. 



Z,, n, thigh bone. 



Y), 7i, its two condyles. 



6, bones of the leg. 



6, tibia. 



I, fib Vila. 



», ancle joint. 



X, tarsus and metatarsus united, com- 

 monly called tarsus. 



fx,, small metatarsal bone of first toe. 



1, first or hind toe. 



2, second or inner toe. 



3, third or middle toe. 



4, fourth or outer toe. 



Plate II. Wing of the Domestic Pigeon, Columba Livia, 



Fig. 1. Upper surface of Wing, the 

 small feathers removed. 



a, b, junction of ^dng with the bodJ^ 



b, c, humerus or arm. 



c, d, cubitus or fore-arm. 



d, e,f, hand or pinion. 



e, alula or spurious pinion. 



c,f, quills. 



0, d, cubital or secondary quills. 

 d, f, digital or primary quills. 

 ff, e, alular quills. 



Fig. 2. Lower surface of Wing. The 

 same 2mrts marked by the same 

 number's as in Fig. 1. 



