CARRION CROW. 519 



lower mandible '1-^^ ; tarsus 2i ; hind toe 1, its claw f ; mid- 

 dle toe and claw '1\. 



Female. — The female is similar to the male, but somewhat 

 smaller. The following particulars refer to an individual sent 

 to me from Peebles-shire, in February 1836, by the Reverend 

 Mr. Adam. 



ffisophagus 6i inches long, wide, slightly enlarged about the 

 middle, at which place its diameter is /g- Proventriculus /^ 

 long, its diameter less than that of the oesophagus. Stomach 

 a moderately strong gizzard, of which the fibres are much less 

 firm than those of the Rasores and Conirostres. It is of an 

 irregular oblong form, a little compressed. The tendons are 

 large, the posterior one much larger ; the middle coat is thin 

 and tough ; the inner, or cuticular, of moderate thickness, with 

 longitudinal rugae. Intestine 46 inches long ; its greatest dia- 

 meter at the upper part /j, at the middle 4i twelfths, at the 

 coeca 1*5 . The coeca are -f^ long, their diameter \\ twelfth ; 

 they are cylindrical and adnate. 



Length to end of tail 18^ ; extent of wings 38 ; bill along 

 the back 2, along the edge of lower mandible 2 ^^ ; tarsus 2i ; 

 first toe \%^ its claw \% ; second toe 1/^, its claw {'^ ; third 

 toe li, its claw ^^\ fourth toe 1, its claw^ ^^ ; wing from 

 flexure 12^; tail 7/2 • Ear in its largest diameter, including 

 the elevated margin, /g, within the edge 4i twelfths. 



Of another individual the dimensions were as follows : — 

 Length to end of tail 20 ; extent of wings 40 ; wing from 

 flexure 12^ ; tail 7i ; bill along the back '1^^^ along the edge 

 of lower mandible ^^^ ; tarsus '1^^ ; first toe f, its claw \% ; 

 second toe ], its claw 7^ twelfths ; third toe 1^, its claw /^ ; 

 fourth toe \\. its claw {\. 



Habits. — The Carrion Crow is very uncommon in the 

 northern and middle parts of Scotland ; but in the southern 

 division of that countr}-, and in England, is much more nume- 

 rous than the Raven or the Hooded Crow. It roosts in trees 

 and on rocks, betakes itself in search of food to the open moors, 

 hilly pastures, fields, and shores, and preys on small quadru- 



