262 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. 



common in Manitoba, and so far as noted, it is found only in the 

 spring and fall. (E. T. Seton.) Ismost abundant in spring and fall, in 

 all stages of plumage, all over Manitoba, but not noted during the 

 breeding season. {Atkinson.) One taken at Indian Head, Sask., 

 in the spring of 1892, and one observed at Edmonton, Alta., in 

 April, 1897 ; saw one at Peace River Landing, Atha., in 1903. (Spread- 

 borough.) Sometimes abundant at Aweme, Man., in spring and 

 fall; possibly breeds. (Criddle.) Two seen at Swampy lake, and 

 one was given us at Norway House, Keewatin. (Preble.) Rich- 

 ardson, Ross and Macfarlane found it in the northern forest in 

 sum.mer, but in all my wanderings south of the Saskatchewan or 

 in the mountains, I have never met with it. I am led to believe 

 that the following references belong to a race distinct from the 

 eastern bird, which seems to have its centre of migration in Ontario. 

 (Macoun.) 



Both on the mainland and Vancouver island, B.C. In my ex- 

 perience, rare. (Fannin.) Tolerably common migrant at Chilli- 

 wack, B.C. ; rather scarce in the Cariboo district of British Columbia 

 in winter. (Brooks.) Sumas and Osoyoos lakes. (Lord.) One 

 seen at Vernon, and a specimen seen at the same place in the collec- 

 tion of Mr. Pound. Another shot on Vancouver island is in the 

 possession of Mr. Lindley, of Victoria. Considered a very rare 

 bird on the Pacific coast. (Rhoads.) No examples of this bird 

 were secured by me in northern Alaska, nor have I seen any. Several 

 specimens from Kadiak are the only ones known from Alaska. 

 (Nelson.) Specimens taken July 24th, 1896, at Jak lake. Prince 

 William sound, Alaska. (Grinnell.) A pair and two young, able 

 to fly, were found in possession of an islet in Lake Clark. Others 

 were seen on Chulitna river and at Nushagak, Alaska peninsula, 

 in 1902. (Osgood.) 



Breeding Notes. — First observed on Hudson bay north of 

 Great Whale river, 28th June, 1896. It breeds on nearly all the 

 high cliffs all the way across Ungava district from James bay to 

 Ungava bay. On 13th July, Mr. Russell found a nest with three 

 eggs, incubation far advanced. I found a nest on a cliff at east 

 end of Seal lake, 3rd August in which the young were about half 

 grown. The nest was a mere mass of sticks lined with dry grass. 

 This is the common large hawk of the country. (Spreadborough.) 



